European Humanities
EH 31
Spragins
2015-16

 
“Two things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe, the more often and steadily we reflect upon them: the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me.”  (Kant)



Carey Hall Room 202
Office Hours: 2:15-3:30 p.m. (daily)

jspragins@gilman.edu
 
(443) 608-8068  

ODD DAYS: First Period

EVEN DAYS: Second Period

4th Period Classes: Days 3,4,7,10

Fall Outline:

Course Description
Orientation 
Texts for 2015-16

 



Nike Adjusting Her Sandal 410 BC.

The Greeks

 

 

  


God Speaks to Job from the Whirlwind (William Blake)

 

Hellenism, Judaism, Christianity and the Roman World

 

 


The Rose Window at Notre Dame Cathedral

 

Medieval England

 

 


Cowper Madonna
c.1505 (Raphael)

 

The Renaissance

 


 

 


Shakespeare’s Macbeth (1606) 

 


Juan de Pareja
1650 (Velazquez)

 

The Seventeenth Century

 



Voltaire, 1778
(Houdon)

 

The Enlightenment

 

Mid-Year Exam











 

Month

Day

  Cycle Day

 Day

Assignment






09/      

02

Day 0

Wed.

MINI-SCEDULE



Bright newborn stars shape a nebula
-- a glowing cloud of dust and gas
-- through their luminous energy,
while the nebula keeps the energy
from dissipating into the galaxy.
Hubble Space Telescope

 
The Big Bang!


Big Bang Briefly

Universe Timelines


Course Orientation: 

Course Description 
Texts for 2015-16
Daily Grammar & Vocabulary Drills (Books in Classroom)

 

The CreationHubble Space Telescope Photos

Powers of Ten  (The Size of the Universe)

Deep Time Exercise:
The History of Deep Time


If every step you take measures a year, how far would you have to walk from Gilman (heading west on Northern Parkway) to get to the following moments in the history of the universe? Where would you wind up?

Extra Credit: At three feet per step and fifteen minutes per mile (5280 feet), how long would it take you to get there? Draw a line graph on the chalkboard to represent the data as close to scale as possible.

a. Greek Golden Age Begins: 500 BC 
b. Agricultural Revolution: 10,000 BC 
c. Ice Age Ends: 18,000 BC 
d. Cave Art: 50,000 BC 
e. Homo sapiens: 250,000 BC 
f.  Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis): 3,200,000 BC  (3.2 X 10>6)
g. Luca: Life on Earth Begins: 3,500,000,000 BC  (3.5 X 10>9)
h. Earth Forms: 4,570,000,000 BC (4.57 X 10>9)
i.  Big Bang: 13,700,000,000 BC (13.7 X 10>9)

Conversions; Calculator; Map, The Solar System (map)

Answers


Homework: 






 09/        

03

Day 1

Thurs.

Long Assembly



George Orwell (1903-1950)


Grammar: Diagnostic Test

Gilman School Computer Network Resources: 

  • Gmail (BMS and RCPS girls need to supply accurate email addresses.)
  • Googledocs

Summer Reading Speeches 

Multimedia:

Homework: 






09/ 04 Day 2 Fri.



Mediterranean Colonies



Archaic Greece


Finish Grammar Diagnostic Test

Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 1-22 "The Garden of Eden"; "The Top Hat"; (Notes)


The European World According to Herodotus (500 BC)

The Greeks: Backgrounds

Geography Project: Ancient Greece Map 

Use these maps to get ready for a geography quiz.  
Ancient World Maps for Students (UNC) 
Ancient Greece  

PDF Maps: 
Map of Greece (place names)

Homework: 

Finish Ancient Greece Map
Read Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 23-29 "The Myths"






09/ 07 Day 0 Mon. LABOR DAY

09/

08

Day 3

Tues.





Lascaux Cave, France



Venus of Willendorf
c. 24,000-22,000 BC
(Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna)


The Great Pyramid of Khufu 2530 BC  Khafre's Pyramid c. 2500 BC   The Pyramid of Menkure c. 2460 B.C.





Due at 3:30 p.m.: Portrait of Self as a Writer

The Greeks (Backgrounds):

Homework: 

Powerpoint Projects: 

Neat Resources: 


"Hieroglyphics." 
ca. 300 B.C. London, British Museum.






09/
09
Day 4
Wed.




Minoan Snake Goddess
from Knossos, Crete
c. 1600 BC


Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology

Powerpoint: Crete, Mycenae, Greece 

Homework:
  • Powerpoint Projects
For further reading
4th Period: 

Man in the State of Nature:






09/

10

Day 5

Thurs.

 GILMAN PARENT NIGHT




Death Mask of Agamemnon
10 1/8 inch beaten gold
1550 BC


Homeric Geography



Attic, black-figure, ca. 530 B.C.

 

Student Presentations:

Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology  
Powerpoint Guidelines (The Siliciano Rules) 

Homer:

“The Iliad and the Odyssey have been known in the Western world continuously from the time that they were made available.”

Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Wednesday, September 16th  at 3:30 p.m.

 

Homework:

Additional Resources:




 

 

09/

11

Day 6 

Fri.





Lion Gate, Mycenae, c. 1300-1250 B.C.E.
(Smarthistory video)


Birth of Athena (560 B.C.)


The Shield of Achilles (1821)
made for George IV’s coronation banquet




Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes:  The Age of Mythology 

Paragraph on Mythology

Homer (750 B.C.): Introduction to The Iliad

Proem to The Iliad (Listen to The Iliad in ancient Greek (and here))

Sing, Goddess, sing of the rage of Achilles, son of Peleus—
that murderous anger which condemned Achaeans
to countless agonies and threw many warrior souls
deep into Hades, leaving their dead bodies
carrion food for dogs and birds—
all in fulfillment of the will of Zeus.

Start at the point where Agamemnon, son of Atreus,

that king of men, quarreled with noble Achilles.

Which of the gods incited these two men to fight?

 

(Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Wednesday at 3:30 p.m.)

 

Homer, The Iliad, episode one: "The Quarrel by the Ships" (Study Guide)
Paragraph on Achilles as Hero

Homework:

Read Homer, The Odyssey, Book Nine: "Ismarus, the Lotus Eaters, and the Cyclops";  Study Guide; also read the short excerpt from Book 12: Hades where "Odysseus Meets Achilles"

Maps: Odysseus' Journey Home; Odyssey Map


The Sirens

09/ 14 Day 0 ROSH HASHANAH





09/
15
Day 7
Tues.




The Cyclops Polyphemus (Sperlanga)



ODYSSEUS & POLYPHEMOS;
Attic Black Figure 510 - 490 BC Louvre

 


Homeric Geography



Mythology Assignment Table 2015

Homer, The Odyssey,

Homer Odyssey Book Nine Study Guide

Homework:

For Further Reading: 


Odysseus Defying the Cyclops,
drawing Shutzenburger (1894)
Odysseus's Escape
Painted kylix, showing a trireme. 490 B.C.
 (London: British Museum)
Odysseus and his men blinding Polyphemus
(detail of a proto-attic amphora, c. 650 BC, museum of Eleusis)






09/

16

Day 8 

Wed.

 




Head of Odysseus (marble, ca. A.D. 50, from
the "Cave of Tiberius" at Sperlonga).


Statue of Odysseus and Polyphemus
in the Sperlanga Museum



(Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due at 3:30 p.m.)


Mythology Assignment Table 2015

Introduce: Internet Research Project

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Homework:

Read: "The Greek Miracle" (Hamilton vs. Kelley)


Greek and Phoenician Trade Routes 

Amazing discovery of 22 shipwrecks off Greece 

offers wondrous glimpse into ancient life 

By Yanan Wang Washington Post October 30 2015






09/

17

Day 9 

Thurs.

 




The Nile


Boeotia: Mt. Helikon from Osios Loukas


Discuss: "The Greek Miracle" (Hamilton vs. Kelley)

Mythology Assignment Table 2015

Dr. J.’s Timeline of Classical Greece

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Homework:


The Emergence of Athens:

Check out the Maps:
Battle of Marathon (Map)
Battle of Thermopylae (Another Map
Battle of Salamis (Map)

For further reading:

Dr. J's Illustrated Persian War Site

 






09/

18

Day 10 

Fri.





The Persian Empire at its Height



Thermopylae Monument


The reconstructed trireme Olympias at sea.

It was launched with due ceremony on 27 June 1987.

A Trireme Bearing Down on You!



Mythology Assignment Table 2015

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015


The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Greek Ideal Questions on Homer and Herodotus  

The Emergence of Athens:
Leonidas, Themistocles and The Persian Wars
(490-479 BC)

Clips from 300: "This is Sparta!"; "Earthquake? No Battle Formations!"


The Persian Wars: The Test of Greek Democracy 
Herodotus: The Persian Wars (Quiz)
Leonidas and the 300 at Thermopylae (Mosaic)

Historiē: “research” or “inquiry”; To Herodotus’ audience, the term would have had a vaguely clinical air, coming, as it did, from the vocabulary of the newborn field of natural science. (Herodotus was born in Ionia.) Prior to Herodotus, people conceived of their ‘story’ in epic terms, ie a poem recounting the exploits of a hero, like Achilles in The Iliad. (Notes on The Invention of History)

Homework:

Read: Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 28-55: The Natural Philosophers; Democritus; Fate (Study Guide)

4th Period: The Elements of Music: Melody and Harmony


Map of the Battle of Thermopylae






09/ 21 Day 1 Mon.


Thales Theorem? 

Cosmos with Neil Degrasse Tyson, Season 1 Episode 6 "Deeper, Deeper, Deeper Still" (17:18 minutes in): Thales and Democritus (Netscape)


Thales of Miletus (624-547 BC)


Anaximander, detail  from Raphael,
The School of Athens (1510)


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Introduction to the Natural Philosophers: Sophie's World, pp.28-55 (quiz) (answers)

Greek Ideal Essay: The Pre-Socratic Philosophers

  • physis vs. nomos: nature vs. custom
  • philosophy:  Greek word, from phileîn, “to love,” and sophía, “wisdom,” 
  • cosmology: the study of the origin, nature, and structure of the physical universe.
  • metaphysics: the study of the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, time and space, fact and value.
  • axiom: a sentence or proposition that is not proved or demonstrated and is considered to be self-evident. Therefore, it is taken for granted as true and serves as a starting point for deducing other truths. (How is an axiom different from a theorem?) (Euclid’s Axioms)

Powerpoint Presentations:

Homework: 

Read Plato, Apology (The Trial of Socrates) (Socrates Study Guide)

For further reading:


Tour of Miletus (480 B.C.)  (Notice the gridplan introduced
by the architect Hippodamus a native of Miletus.)

 

 

 

 

 

09/

22

Day 2

Tues.

LONG ASSEMBLY



Pythagoras from Raphael,
The School of Athens (1510)


The Union of Earth and Water
(1618) Reubens




Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Introduction to the Natural Philosophers: Sophie's World, pp.28-55 (quiz) (answers)

Paragraph Work: The Pre-Socratic Philosophers

  • Why did philosophy emerge in Ionia during the late 7th century BCE? 
  • What is the relationship between philosophy, economics and democracy?
  • What contrasting cosmologies did the early philosophers develop?
  • How did the materialists (empiricists) (see Heraclitus) and 
    the idealists (rationalists) (see Parmenides and Pythagoras) differ in
    their understanding of the world?
  • How did Empedocles and Democritus try to resolve the conflict between
    the materialists and the idealists?
  • What place did morality and ethics have in their thinking?
  • Use words like skeptic, moral relativism, rhetoric

Homework: 

Read: Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 56-77: Socrates, Athens

For further reading:

09/

23

Day 0

Wed.

YOM KIPPUR
09/ 24 Day 3 Thurs.


 


David, Jacques-Louis
The Death of Socrates 1787



Socrates speaking with Alcibiades,
a detail of The School of Athens,
a fresco by Raphael.  (Wikipedia)



Bust of Socrates (Roman Copy of Lyssipos)


Athens and Sparta during the Peloponnesian Wars

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th


the life which is unexamined is not worth living” - Socrates

The Greek Ideal Essay

V. The Greek Ideal

  • Why are Socrates, Plato and Aristotle justly regarded as the most important thinkers
    in the history of Western civilization?
  • What was Socrates' great accomplishment?

Powerpoint Presentation::

The Athenian Golden Age: Discussion of Plato's Apology; Socrates Study Guide (Quiz)

Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 56-77: Socrates, Athens

The Peloponnesian War:
Homework:
Compare to Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and   John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address

For further reading:





09/

25

Day 4 

Fri.





Marble Bust of Pericles British Museum



View of the Acropolis and the South Slope from the southwest (from near the Philopappos Monument).
(Ancient City of Athens)



Athens and Sparta during the Peloponnesian Wars



The names of the 58,209 American soldiers either killed or missing in action during the Vietnam War. As a memorial at Arlington reads: "All gave some . . . some gave all."


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

The Greek Ideal in Politics

VI. The Greek Ideal in Politics

  • How were the characteristics of the Greek Ideal reflected in the principles
    of Athenian democracy? (see Pericles' Funeral Oration)
  • What problems can be observed in the application of these ideals to the
    realities of Athenian society?
  • How did Plato criticize Democracy?
Powerpoint Presentations:

Backgrounds:

Discuss the characteristics of Athenian Democracy as reflected in Pericles' speech:

Thucydides Pericles’ Funeral Oration (431 BCE)  (Outline)

  1. Apology for inadequacy of words
  2. Honor to Ancestors
  3. Thesis
  4. The Characteristics of Democratic Society
  5. The Advantages of a Democracy in War: Citizen Soldiers
  6. The Characteristics of the Citizen in a Democracy
  7. Honor to the Fallen
  8. The Obligation of the Living to the Dead

Homework:

For further reading:






09/ 28 Day 5
Mon.


 


Bust of a Spartan Warrior: "Our friend brings us good news.
If the Persians darken the sun with their arrows,
we will be able to fight in the shade." (Dieneces)


Peloponnesian Wars



Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th


Sparta: (Quiz)

Homework:

Darker Aspects of The Athenian Golden Age: 

For further reading:





09/
29
Day 6
Tues.

 

 

Map of Ancient Athens and the fortified Long Walls.



The Athenian Empire (450 BCE)



An Athenian Slave Helps an Athlete
Prepare to Compete  510-500 B.C


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

"Men do not rest content with parrying the attacks of a superior, but often strike the first blow to prevent the attack being made. And we cannot fix the exact point at which our empire shall stop; we have reached a position in which we must not be content with retaining but must scheme to extend it, for, if we cease to rule others, we are in danger of being ruled ourselves. Nor can you look at inaction from the same point of view as others, unless you are prepared to change your habits and make them like theirs." Alcibiades' Oration before the Sicilian expedition as recorded by Thucydides, (VI, 18]

Darker Aspects of  The Athenian Golden Age: 

Problems with Greek Democracy:

  1. Can democracy compete with authoritarian enemies? (Athens v. Sparta)
  2. Can citizens meet their responsibilities? (voting, community service, military service)
  3. Will the leaders of a democracy be corrupted by moral relativism and power? (Alcibiades' imperialism, Aristotle's justification of economic exploitation;  the us vs. them syndrome)

Homework:

For further reading

  • Plato: excerpts from The Republic: Notes  





09/ 30 Day 7 Wed.


 


Plato (left) and Aristotle (right),
a detail of The School of Athens,
a fresco by Raphael.  (Wikipedia)


Plato’s Cave


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th


Powerpoint Presentations: Socrates' Students:

Plato and Aristotle:

Homework:

  • Paragraphs on Greek Democracy and The Greek Ideal





Sculpture from Parthenon's East Pediment

(Smarthistory)

 "The Winged Victory of Samothrace"
200-190 BC (Smarthhistory video) (Louvre)






10/

01

Day 8

Thurs.

 




Sculpture from the Parthenon's East Pediment

(Smarthistory)



Temple of Hera at Paestum (550 BC)



Temple of Athena at Paestum (500 BC)

(Smarthistory Video)


The Parthenon,
(Ancient City of Athens)


The Parthenon 477-438 BC The Fibonacci Sequence

(Smarthistory)

The Golden Ratio (Khan Academy) The Construction of the Parthenon  (NOVA) 


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th


Socrates' Students:

The Parthenon embodies the supreme ideal of the Greeks: there is harmony and order in the universe that is discernible to the human intellect. (see Disney Headquarters

Presentations:

Homework:

Backgrounds to Greek Tragedy: 
Review: Bullfinch's Mythology: Dionysus (Bacchus), Cadmus and Europa; The Sphinx

For further reading:

From Ovid, Metamorphoses, Books 3 and 4
The House of Cadmus:
Europa, Acteon, Semele, Tiresias, Narcissus and Echo, Pentheus,
Athamas and Ino

Kouros (youth), ca. 590–580 (Smarthistory video)
Polykleitos, Doryphoros 450-440 (Smarthhistory video)Lacoon and his Sons (2nd c. BCE)

 


10/

02

Day 9

Fri.





Dionysian Revels


Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Powerpoint Presentation: The Origins of Greek Tragedy

Backgrounds to Greek Tragedy:

Homework:

For further reading: 

Titian, Bacchus and Ariadne (1518)

 

 

 

 


10/

05

Day 10

Mon.


 

 


The Theatre at Epidauros
from Skenotheke


 

The Theatre of Dionysus
next to the Acropolis in Athens

 

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

The Theme of Tragedy: The Mystery of Human Suffering 

From Bullfinch's Mythology: Dionysus (Bacchus), Cadmus and Europa; The Sphinx; From Ovid, Metamorphoses, Books 3 and 4: The House of Cadmus and the Problem of Undeserved Suffering (Acteon, Semele, Tiresias, Narcissus and Echo, Pentheus, Athamas and Ino)

The Origins of Tragedy:

Homework:

 

For Further Study: 






10/

06

Day 1

Tues.





Collier, Priestess of Delphi (1891)


Pronomos Vase (c. 400 B.C.)

 

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

  • How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
  • What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces in the ritual of tragedy?
  • How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (Discussion) Prologue and Parados (Study Guide) (Quiz)

The Influence of the Greek Chorus on Entertainment (You Tube)


Homework:

(Discussion outline)







10/

07

Day 2

Wed.

 




Teiresias Accuses Oedipus



"You yourself are the pollution of this country."
(Scene 1)

 

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

  • How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in
    his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
  • What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces
    in the ritual of tragedy?
  • How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in
    Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (Discussion outline) Scene 1 and Ode 1 (Study Guide) (Quiz)

Irony: Dramatic Irony, Perepetea, Catharsis
The Soothsayer's Prophecy

Homework:

 




 

 

10/

08

Day 3

Thurs.

 LONG ASSEMBLY




 

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

  • How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in
    his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
  • What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces
    in the ritual of tragedy?
  • How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in
    Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Sophocles Oedipus Rex: (Discussion outline); Scene 2; Ode 2 (Study Guide) (Quiz) (Jocasta's Entrance)

Irony: Dramatic Irony, Perepetea, Catharsis

Dramatic Irony in Scene 2: Example 1 ; Example 2

Homework

Read Oedipus Rex: 




 

 

10/

09

Day 4

Fri.

 




"Polybos was not your father." Oedipus Rex iii






 

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2015

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex: 

Scene 3: The Messenger from Corinth

  • Note the relative calm at the outset of the scene: what is Jocasta doing?
  • What "good news" does the messenger bring? 
  • What is strange about Oedipus' reaction to the news? (48-50)
  • How does Jocasta comfort Oedipus when he says that he still fears fulfilling
    the second part of the prophecy- sleeping with his mother.(51) Notice the
    disturbing irony of the moment. 
  • What is Sophocles doing to our notions of right and wrong?
  • Describe Perepeteia #3. (51-54) What makes this moment a classic perepeteia?
  • How does Oedipus learn the origin of his handicap? What did the shepherd who
    saved the infant Oedipus also witness?
  • How does Oedipus understand  Jocasta's disapproval of his search for the identity
    of his true parents? 
  • What does Oedipus mean when he calls himself a child of Luck?

What does the chorus celebrate in Ode III

How is this celebration deeply ironic? 

What does it indicate about the nature of the approaching catharsis?

    Scene 4: The Shepherd at the Mystery's Center

    A slave, the humblest of Thebans, is brought before great King Oedipus. 

    The Moment of Recognition (Anagnoris)

    Discussion: The Messenger from Corinth; Recognition

     

    Homework:




     

     

    10/
    12
    Day 5
    Mon.



     


    "God. God. Is there a sorrow greater!"
    Oedipus Rex, exodus

     

    Internet Research Project:
    Assignment Table 2015


    The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th


    Sophocles Oedipus Rex:
    Catharsis :Exodos (Study Guide) (Quiz)

    • How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in
      his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
    • What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces
      in the ritual of tragedy?
    • How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in
      Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

    Discussion: Catharsis

    Aristotle's Definition of Tragedy:

    • tragos: "goatsong"
    • choral odes: dithyrambs (Parados) (Ode 1) (Ode 2) (Ode 3) (Ode 4)
    • "Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; ... in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions."
    • Action (plot) is not merely the sequence of events but "a movement of the spirit through a community."
    • The building blocks of tragedy: dramatic irony and perepeteia lead to catharsis

    Homework:




     

     

    10/

    13

    Day 6

    Tues.

     




    "terracotta mask of Dionysus" Greek,
    Myrina; second century BCE Paris, Louvre Museum.
     

     

    Internet Research Project:
    Assignment Table 2015

    The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

    Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal

    Homework:




     

     

    10/

    14

    Day 7

    Wed.

     PSAT'S

    10/ 15 Day 8 Thurs.


    Khnopff, The Caresses (1896)

     

     

    Internet Research Project:
    Assignment Table 2015

    Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal

    Homework:

    The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

    MLA Citation Format




     

     

    10/

    16

    Day 9

    Fri.

     



    "Oh child of evil,/ To have entered that wretched bed-- the selfsame one!/  More primal than sin itself, this fell to me."
    Oedipus Rex, Exodos

     

    The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

    Internet Research Project:
    Assignment Table 2015

    Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal

    MLA Citation Format




     

     

    10/

    19

    Day 10

    Mon.

     




    Diogenes and Alexander the Great


    The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 20th

    Essay Peer Review with the Laptop

    MLA Citation Format

    The Cynics;  Alexander The Great

    Hellenism: The Cynics, The Stoics, the Epicureans, and the Neo-Platonists
    The Origins of the Olympic Games

    Homework: 

    Read Sophie's World, "Hellenism", pp.121-39






    10/

    20

    Day 1

    Tues.

     



    Alexander Mosaic from Pompeii, from
    a 3rd century BC original Greek painting, now lost)

     

    The Regions Conquered by Alexander 
    (Mosaic Sources on Alexander the Great)




    The Greek Ideal Essay due today at 3:30 p.m.

    The Cynics;  Alexander The Great:

    Roman Art (Powerpoint

    Directions:

    1. Carefully read your texts.
    2. While reading, think about how you will answer the study questions.
    3. Write answers to the questions in sentences.
    4. Report to the class about the main ideas of the reading. (Don’t just tell the story; explain its significance.)
    5. Be ready to lead the class in a discussion of the review questions at the end of your section. 
    Homework:







    10/

    21

    Day 2

    Wed.

     









    Augustus as general, from Primaporta,
    Italy, ca. 20 B.C. Marble, 6' 8" high.

    Vatican Museums, Rome

    A Virtual Reconstruction of Ancient Rome (Smarthistory)

    The Pantheon (Smarthistory)

    The Ara Pacis (Smarthistory)

    The Colloseum  (Smarthistory)

    Trajan's Column (Smarthistory)

    Equestrian Sculpture of Marcus Aurelius (Smarthistory)

    The Colossus of Constantine (Smarthistory)


    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Roman Art (Powerpoint

    Judaism: (Historical Backgrounds)

    Directions:

    1. Carefully read your texts.
    2. While reading, think about how you will answer the study questions.
    3. Write answers to the questions in sentences.
    4. Report to the class about the main ideas of the reading. (Don’t just tell the story; explain its significance.)
    5. Be ready to lead the class in a discussion of the review questions at the end of your section.

    Homework: Read Sophie's World, "The Postcards" and "Two Cultures" (pp. 140-164)

    Judaism:






    10/ 22 Day 3 Thurs.



    God Speaks to Job from the Whirlwind (William Blake) 


    The Western Wall of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem


    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Judaism: (Historical Backgrounds)

    1. How does the ambiguity of the ancient Hebrew myths (like The Garden of Eden, The Flood, and Job teach us about the nature of the covenant between God and his chosen people?
    2. Describe the path to the truth that must be followed according to ancient Hebrew thought.

    Homework:

    Paragraphs on Judaism


    Be ready for Christianity Presentations:
    Read
    For further reading and listening:





    10/

    23

    Day 4

    Fri.

     




    Phrases Exercise

    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Christianity:

    3. How does the teaching of Jesus integrate ancient Greek and ancient Hebrew thought?
    4. What methods did the early church fathers (Peter, Paul and Augustine) use to successfully spread Christianity?
    5. How did St. Augustine solve the theological problem of evil?

    For further reading: Mike S. Presentation on Job (10/01/03)

    Homework:

    Paragraphs on Christianity

    4th Period: Music History: The Elements of Music Melody and Harmony





    10/ 26 Day 5 Mon.



    The Pont du Gard, a Roman Aqueduct


    Map of the Roman Empire 117 AD
    Paul Bigot's Model of Ancient Rome


    The Coliseum in Rome



    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Christianity:

    3. How does the teaching of Jesus integrate ancient Greek and ancient Hebrew thought?
    4. What methods did the early church fathers (Peter, Paul and Augustine) use to successfully spread Christianity?
    5. How did St. Augustine solve the theological problem of evil?.

    Roman Thought:  

    Livy, The History of Rome from its Foundation

    Cicero, On the Laws
    Lucretius, On the Nature of Things
    Marcus Aurelius, Thoughts
    Tacitus, Germania 

    1. What do the ancient founding myths of Rome (Romulus and Remus, The Rape of the
      Sabine Women, The Suicide of Lucretia, The Execution of Titus Manlius) teach us
      about Roman character and values?
    2. How did Cicero define the law for the Roman Empire?
    3. How did Lucretius teach us to overcome our fear of death and to lead our lives?
    4. How did Marcus Aurelius' personal philosophy combine elements of Stoicism, Epicureanism
      and Materialism?
    5. What vision of the barbarian 'other' did Tacitus create?

    Homework:

    • Paragraphs on Roman Thought

    Extra Credit: How does Virgil's revision of Homer teach us about the central values of Roman culture?

    4th Period: Music History: The Elements of Music: Instrumentation and Timbre






    10/ 27 Day 6
    Tues.



    The Pantheon in Rome

    Paul Bigot's Model of Ancient Rome
    A Tour through Ancient Rome in 320 C.E.
    (Smarthistory)


    The interior of the Pantheon in Rome


    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Roman Thought:

    1. What do the ancient founding myths of Rome (Romulus and Remus, The Rape of the
      Sabine Women, The Suicide of Lucretia, The Execution of Titus Manlius) teach us
      about Roman character and values?
    2. How did Cicero define the law for the Roman Empire?
    3. How did Lucretius teach us to overcome our fear of death and to lead our lives?
    4. How did Marcus Aurelius' personal philosophy combine elements of Stoicism, Epicureanism
      and Materialism?
    5. What vision of the barbarian 'other' did Tacitus create?

    Virgil Aeneid, excerpts  

    Extra Credit: How does Virgil's revision of Homer teach us about the central values of Roman culture?

    Homework:

    Study for Roman World Project





    10/

    28

    Day 7

    Wed.

     




    Arch of Titus 81 AD

    Equestrian Statue
    Marcus Aurelius 161-180 AD

    Roman World ProjectAssignment Table 2015
    Roman World Paragraph Test on Wednesday, October 28th 

    Directions: Write a paragraph in answer to the following questions. Specific attention will be paid to your topic sentences: make sure that they are terrific!

    1. How does the ambiguity of the ancient Hebrew myths (like The Garden of Eden, The Flood, and Job teach us about the nature of the covenant between God and his chosen people?
    2. Describe the path to the truth that must be followed according to ancient Hebrew thought.
    3. How does the teaching of Jesus integrate ancient Greek and ancient Hebrew thought?
    4. What methods did the early church fathers (Peter, Paul and Augustine) use to successfully spread Christianity?
    5. How did St. Augustine solve the theological problem of evil?
    6. What do the ancient founding myths of Rome (Romulus and Remus, The Rape of the
      Sabine Women, The Suicide of Lucretia, The Execution of Titus Manlius) teach us about
      Roman character and values?
    7. How did Cicero define the law for the Roman Empire?
    8. How did Lucretius teach us to overcome our fear of death and to lead our lives?
    9. How did Marcus Aurelius' personal philosophy combine elements of Stoicism,
      Epicureanism and Materialism?
    10. What vision of the barbarian 'other' did Tacitus create?

    Homework:

    Maps of Europe:





    10/ 29 Day 8 Thurs.






    Indo-European Groups



    Arm Bracelet from recently
    discovered Staffordshire Hoard

    More Phrases

    The Story of English (ppt)

    European Map Exercise

     

    World Atlas Maps (Rivers, Capitols, Regions, etc.)

    Homework:




    Map of Anglo-Saxon England 800 AD Illuminated Bible of St. Jerome 698 AD






    10/ 30
    Day 9 Fri. 1/2 DAY



    The Cross of Murdoch 923 AD


    Sutton Hoo
    ceremonial helmet


    The Middle Ages:

    • Sophie on the Middle Ages (Sophie's World, pp. 165-187)
    • The Staffordshire Hoard and Beowulf
    • Beowulf (2007): Grendel's Attack
    • The 13th Warrior starring Antonio Banderas (1999) dir. John McTiernan and Michael Crichton:
      an imagined re-telling of the Beowulf story set in A.D. 922:  an Arab ambassador is exiled from
      his homeland and ends up meeting a group of warrior Norseman, who he soon discovers he is destined
      to join. (You Tube)

    Homework:

    Reading 

    Multimedia:

    Sound Files:

    Old English:

    For further reading:






    11/ 02 Day 0
    Mon. PROFESSINAL DAY
    11/ 03 Day 10 Tues.



    Viking Invasions (8th c. AD)



    Viking Conquests Around the World (6th -10th c.)


    Beowulf excerpts  (trans Seamus Heaney) (full text)
    Beowulf Lecture Notes

    Beowulf Online Resources:

    Homework:

    Beowulf Creative Writing Assignment 
    Due Thursday at 3:30 p.m.


    Artifacts Essay Idea?  






    11/ 04 Day 1 Wed.



    Christ on the Day of Judgment
    Tympanum Sculpture at St. Foy

    Presentation on Romanesque Architecture and Sculpture

    St. Augustine on the Problem of Evil

    Homework:

    Read: Chaucer and the Medieval World View 

    For further reading:

    Chaucer Maps
    Medieval Social Hierarchy Page (Furr)
    Important Events in the Fourteenth Century (Jane Zatta)


    The Last Judgment
    at Sainte-Foy





    11/ 05
    Day 2
    Thurs.



    Chaucer Ellesmere Manuscript  Woodcut


    The Renaissance:  

    Introduction to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales

    Homework:

    Memorize the Proem (lines 1-18): Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29);
    Proem Notes;  General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University)
    (Off-line Text) (Another website)

    Other versions:

    Notre Dame Gargolyle The extent of Christianity
    during the period of the Crusades.





    11/ 06 Day 3
    Fri.




    The Geometry of the Rose Window
    at Chartres (animation)


    The Apostles at Chartres Cathedral


    The Renaissance:  

    Introduction to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
    Sophie on "The Middle Ages" (pp.165-187)

    Changing Conceptions of the Universe:

    Aristotle's Model of the Universe (Video)

    Ptolemy's Model of the Universe (Video) 

    Copernicus' Model of the Universe (Video)

    Kepler's Model of the Universe (Video)

    The Medieval World View:

    Ulysses' Speech on degree from Shakespeare's  Trolius and Cressida
    St. Augustine on the Problem of Evil
    St. Thomas Aquinas

    Gothic Architecture and Sculpture


    Homework:


    Extra Credit: COLOR ME Mandala Coloring Book;  Creation of Buddhist Sand Mandala



    The Nave of Chartres Cathedral





    11/ 09
    Day 4
    Mon.

    The Ptolemaic universe. From Andraeus Cellarius,
    Harmonia macrocosma (Amsterdam, 1660)

    Chaucer's General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales

    General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
    (User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
    (Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
    (Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
    Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)

    Proem Notes





    11/ 10
    Day 5 Tues.



    The Knight


    The Squire


    The Yeoman


    Chaucer's General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales

    Student Presentations on Group One: The Knight, The Squire, and The Yeoman

    Homework:

    Paragraph on Group One

    Read: Sophie's World, "The Renaissance", pp. 188-215

    The extent of Christianity
    during the period of the Crusades.

    Longbows at the Battle of Crecy (1356)
    in The 100 Years War





    11/ 11
    Day 6
    Wed.


    prioress.gif
    The Prioresse

    friar.gif
    The Friar


    Student Presentations: Group Two: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Prioresse, The Monk and The Friar

    Homework:

    Write rough drafts of paragraphs on Groups One and Two


    The Monk





    11/ 12 Day 7 Thurs.



    The Wife of Bath


    The Franklin


    The Seargeant at Law

    Student Presentations: Group Three: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales:

    Homework:

    Write rough draft of paragraphs on Group Three

    General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
    (User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
    (Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
    (Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
    Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)

    Proem Notes

    4th Period: Medieval Music (Powerpoint)

     

    Medieval Trade Routes






    11/ 13 Day 8 Fri.



    The Parson


    The Peasants' Revolt 1381 The Death of Wat Tyler

    Student Presentations: Group Four: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales:

    Homework:

    Write rough draft of paragraphs on Group Four:

    General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
    (User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
    (Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
    (Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
    Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)

    Proem Notes






    11/ 16 Day 9 Mon.



    The Miller


    The Summoner
    Presentation on Medieval Music (Powerpoint)

    Student Presentation: Group Five: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales:

    Homework:

    Write rough draft of paragraphs on Group Five:

    Possible Artifacts Essay:


    The Pardoner






    11/ 17 Day 10 Tues.





    Presentation on Early Renaissance Art

    Peer Review with the Laptop

    Homework: (voluntary)
    For further reading:  Renaissance Florence






    11/ 18
    Day 1
    Wed.



    Masaccio Trinity
    1427-28 Fresco
    Santa Maria Novella, Florence


     

    Giotto di BONDONE The Mourning of Christ c. 1305  Fresco Cappella dell'Arena,Padua   
    Text about "The Mourning of Christ"
    from E.H. Gombrich, "The Story of Art

    Homework:

    The Drawings of Leonardo DaVinci

    Possible Artifacts Essay:


    Bosch, The Garden of Earthly Delights (1490)
    (Explore The Garden of Earthly Delights in Virtual Reality) (Bosch Mania)





    11/ 19 Day 2
    Thurs.



    Durer, Self-Portrait at 28 (1500)


    Pico della Mirandola 1463-1494.
    By an unknown artist, in the Uffizi, Florence.
    The Explosion of 15th c. Printing: A Data  Visualization (Harvard)




    Chaucer Essay Due by 3:30 p.m.

    High Renaissance Art and Architecture

    The Drawings of Leonardo DaVinci

    Art History Quiz

    Homework:

    The Reformation:






    11/ 20
    Day 3
    Fri.




    Lucas Cranach the Elder, Martin Luther (1483–1546)


    The Religious Divisions of Europe during the Reformation


    The Renaissance Ideal:

    The Reformation:

    Homework:


    Bruegel, Dulle Griet (Mad Meg) c. 1562






    11/ 23 Day 4
    Mon.


    Chandos Portrait of Shakespeare (1620's)


    Shakespeare's Globe (Presentation)
    De Witt's sketch of The Swan 1596

    William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
    Homework:

    Mountebank Stage, 15th c.





    11/ 24 Day 5
    Tues.


    Elizabeth I (1533-1603)


    James I (1566-1625)

    Trailer to Michael Fassbender as Macbeth, opening Dec. 4

    The Reformation in England

    Backgrounds to Macbeth:
     

    Group 1: Tell Macbeth's story as Shakespeare found it in Holinshed's Chronicles.
    Group 2:  How did James I try to reassert the power of the throne over Parliament?
    Group 3: Describe the early 16th century's understanding of witchcraft and James I's particular fascination with this topic.
    Group 4:  Give the class a brief overview of the events which led to the attempted coup known to the English as The Gunpowder Plot.
    Group 5: Review for the class the Ancient Greek understanding of tragedy.

    Read Macbeth Act 1, scenes i

    Homework:



                                         The Gunpowder Plot Conspirators

    11/
    25
    Day 0
    Wed.
    THANKSGIVING BREAK
    11/ 26 Day 0 Thurs. THANKSGIVING BREAK
    11/ 27 Day 0 Fri. THANKSGIVING BREAK
    11/ 30
    Day 6
    Mon.

    Image from Macbeth, Davies/Dyer,

    Royal Shakespeare Company, August 1983

    Laurence Olivier as Macbeth (1955)

    Backgrounds to Macbeth Presentations:

    Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes i-iii

    Video:

    Paragraph One: 
    • The Opening of Macbeth
      • Machiavelli on Duncan's Leadership
      • The Witches and Tragic Prophecy (compare to Oedipus Rex)
      • Our First Impressions of Macbeth: the Warrior Thane
    • The Prophecy and Macbeth's 1st Soliloquy "Two Truths..."
    Homework: Memory Passage:

    "So foul and fair a day I have not seen..."


    12/ 01 Day 7 Tues.


    Henry V


    Portrait of Machiavelli c. 1500


    McKellan and Dench (1976)

    Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes i-iii

    Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes iv-vii

    Macbeth and Machiavelli:

    What kind of king is Duncan? How effective has he been? Why?

    Machiavelli, from The Prince Intro, chapters 14-19, 26 
    Shakespeare on Machiavelli: Macbeth, Lady Macbeth (and the Baby): Paragraph:
    • How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"?
    • What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?

    Homework:

    Sarah Siddons as Lady Macbeth (1785) "Ellen Terry as Lady Mcbeth" John Singer Sargent (1889)Vivian Leigh as Lady Macbeth (1955)
    Interpretations of Lady Macbeth (The Prophecy):
    Sarah Siddons: The Monster vs. Ellen Terry: The Loving Wife (See Rosenberg, The Masks of Macbeth)
    12/ 02 Day 8 Wed.

    Henry Irving as Macbeth (1890)


    Francesca Annis as Lady Macbeth (1969)


    Scotland (Here is a neat interactive map
    of Macbeth's Scotland)

    The Emergence of the Soul:

    Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act II, scenes i-iv:

    Crossing the Threshold:

    Paragraph: How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"? What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?

    Paragraph: Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony

    Paragraph: What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil? (How is it derived from Chaucer?)

    Homework:


    Blake, "Pity" (1795)
    12/ 03 Day 9
    Thurs.


    Laurence Olivier and Vivian Leigh


    McKellan 1976


     Peter O'Toole and Frances Tomelty 1980


    The Emergence of the Soul:

    Crossing the Threshold:

    Holding the Throne:

    Paragraphs:

    • Why is the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrating?

    Homework:

    Laurence Olivier and Vivian Leigh






    12/ 04
    Day 10
    Fri.

    Confronting Banquo's Ghost


    "Let it come down"
    (Murderer #2 in Macbeth, III iii)


    Crossing the Threshold:

    Holding the Throne:

    The Climax of the Action: The Banquet Scene (III iv)

    Paragraphs:

    • How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"? What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?
    • What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil? (How is it derived from Chaucer?)
    • Why is the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrating?
    • Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony
    • What is the terrible irony of Macbeth's superhuman achievement in banishing the ghost of Banquo?

    Homework:

    Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act IV, scenes i-iii





    12/ 07 Day 1
    Mon.

    Montana Shakespeare in Schools 2012


    Gielgud (1962)


    McKellan (1976)

    The Climax of the Action: The Banquet Scene (III iv)  

    The Second Visit to the Witches:  (Video: McKellan)

    Paragraph:
    • What has Macbeth turned into by the end of his second encounter with the Weird Sisters?
    Homework:






    12/ 08 Day 2
    Tues.

    (Lady MacDuff and her son in Macbeth IV ii)

    Lady Macbeth Sleepwalking

    MacDuff Mourns his Children

    The Murder of Lady Macduff and her Children: (Video: McKellan)

    Macbeth, Act V scene i-viii

    Lady Macbeth Sleepwalking:  MacDuff Learns of his Family's Murder:

    Paragraphs:

    • How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"
    • What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?
    • Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony
    •  What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil?
      (How is it derived from Chaucer?)
    • Why has the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrated? 
    • What is the terrible irony of Macbeth's superhuman achievement in
      banishing the ghost of Banquo?
    • What has Macbeth turned into by the end of his second encounter
      with the Weird Sisters?
    • On what does the stability of a country depend once Macbeth has been deposed? 

    Homework:


    Lady Macbeth Sleepwalking






    12/ 9 Day 3
    Wed.

    Birnam Wood Comes to Dunsinane


    No Man of Woman Born Can Harm Macbeth

    Macbeth, Act V scene i-vii

    Birnam Wood Comes to Dunsinane:  The Final Fight: Homework:
    For further reading:





    12/ 10
    Day 4
    Thurs.



    "Let it come down"
    (Murderer #2 in Macbeth, III iii)

     


    "He has killed me, mother..."
    (MacDuff's Son in Macbeth IV ii)


    It seems that drink gave thee the lie last night!

     

    Essay on Macbeth (Outline)

    Gilman Shakespeare Festival

    Rehearsal Instructions:

    Scene Choices:

    Homework:

    Start memorizing your lines!

    12/11Day 5Fri.




    "All Hail Macbeth that shalt be King hereafter!"

     

    Essay on Macbeth (Outline)

    Gilman Shakespeare Festival

    Rehearsal Instructions:

    Homework:

    Divide up Promptbook responsibilities.






    12/ 14 Day 6
    Mon.




    "My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical,
    Shakes so my single state of man that function
    Is smother'd in surmise, and nothing is
    But what is not.
    ."

     

    Essay on Macbeth (Outline)

    Peer Review with the Laptop

    Gilman Shakespeare Festival

    Rehearsal Instructions:






    12/ 15 Day 7 Tues.



    "Yet who would have thought
    the old man to have so much
    blood in him..."

     

    Essay on Macbeth (Outline)

    Peer Review with the Laptop

    Dress Rehearsal

    A Shakespearean Glossary
    Oxford English Dictionary

    Homework:

    • Promptbooks Due at 3:30 p.m. Friday





    12/
    16
    Day 8
    Wed.





    Shakespeare Festival Dress Rehearsal during 2nd period in Centennial Hall





    12/
    17
    Day 9
    Thurs.
    Shakespeare Festival




    Shakespeare Festival during 1st period in Centennial Hall





    12/
    18
    Day 1
    Fri.
    1/2 DAY


     


    Promptbooks Due at 3:30 p.m. 

    The Seventeenth Century:

     

    It was during the 1600s that Galileo and Newton founded modern science;
    that Descartes began modern philosophy; that Hugo Grotius initiated international law;
    and that Thomas Hobbes and John Locke started modern political theory. In the same
    century strong centralized European states entered into worldwide international
    competition for wealth and power, accelerating the pace of colonization in America
    and Asia. The Dutch, French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and others, all struggled
    to maintain and extend colonies and trading-posts in distant corners of the globe,
    with profound and permanent consequences for the whole world. They also fought
    one another in Europe, where warfare grew increasingly complex and expensive.
    To gain an edge against other powers in war, European governments invested in
    research in military technology, and the seventeenth century was consequently an
    age of military revolution, enabling Europeans from then on to defeat most non-European
    peoples relatively easily in battle.  (Somerville)

     

    Map of Europe, 1600  

     

    Sovereign: The Emergence of the Modern State (ppt.)
    (Animation: The Atlantic Slave Trade in Two Minutes)


    The South Sea Bubble (movie)

    Homework:






    01/ 04 Day 1
    Mon.



    Kepler's Laws of Motion


    Hooker's Flea

    Historical Backgrounds:


    Revolution in Scientific Thought:

      1.   Define the scientific method.

      2.   How did the Renaissance interest in perspective contribute to the scientific revolution?

      3.   What was the significance of Copernicus’ heliocentric theory?

      4.   How did Galileo’s discoveries confirm Copernicus’s theories and change our understanding
      of the nature of the heavens?

      5.   What are Newton’s three laws of motion?

      6.   What is inductive reasoning??  

      7.   What is deductive reasoning?

      8.   How did Descartes prove the existence of God?

      9.   How did Spinoza conceive of God?

        Revolution in Political Thought:

        10.  What are the key features of the emerging modern state?

        11.  According to Machiavelli, why should a leader avoid morality in his administration
        of government?

        12.  What was Hobbes’ vision of human nature?

        13.  What is Hobbes’ version of the social contract?

        14.  Why was an absolute monarchy necessary in Hobbes’ state?

        15.  What was Locke’s vision of human nature?

        16.  What was Locke’s theory of natural rights?

        17.  Under what conditions does a citizen have the right to rebel, according to Locke?


        The Enlightenment: pp.12-24

        18.  How did the philosophes believe they would inaugurate an enlightened age?

        19.  How did the philosophes apply Newton’s discovery of universal laws governing
        motion to the problems of society and government?

        20.  What were the deists’ religious beliefs?

        21.  What was Locke’s theory of epistemology, the way humans learn?

        22.  How does Locke’s epistemology refute the Church’s idea of original sin?

        23.  What reform movements were inaugurated by the philosphes? How did they believe
        a utopian society could be created?

        Homework:






          01/ 05 Day 2
          Tues.



          Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)


          John Locke (1632-1704)


           Seventeenth Century English Political Thought: Absolutism vs. Parliamentarianism (Rogers)

          Philosophical Implications of the New Cosmology:

          Homework:

          For further reading:
          • Fiat Lux   
            Historian Peter Gay interprets the Enlightenment as a coherent and evolving system of thought. For Gay, Enlightenment thinkers were united in their firm rejection of the traditional religion of western civilization, Christianity.

          01/ 06
          Day 3
          Wed.



          Engraving of Voltaire published as the frontispiece to an 1843 edition of hisDictionnaire philosophique

          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          The Enlightenment of the 18th Century (Quiz)

          Philosophical Implications of the New Cosmology:

          Read Voltaire, Candide (1758) Chapters 1-3 (Study Guide)

          Homework:

          Voltaire, Candide (1758) Chapters 1-3 (Study Guide)

          For further reading:
          • Will We Ever Grow Up?  (Immanuael Kant)
            In his essay "What is Enlightenment?" (1784), German philosopher  Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
            attempts to summarize  the goals and achievements of the Enlightenment. For Kant, "enlightenment" is a process that has only just begun. And indeed, some scholars think that we are still living in the shadow of the eighteenth century. They argue that the fundamental social and human issues with which  Kant and his contemporaries wrestled are, at base, the same ones that confront us today. Others, of course, disagree with this view. Most agree, however, that Kant provides a reasonably accurate summary of the aspirations of eighteenth-century European intellectuals. attempts to summarize  the goals and achievements of the Enlightenment. For Kant, "enlightenment"  is a process that has only just begun. And indeed, some scholars think that we are still living in the  shadow of the eighteenth century. They argue that the fundamental social and human issues with which  Kant and his contemporaries wrestled are, at base, the same ones that confront us today. Others, of course, disagree with this view. Most agree, however, that Kant provides a reasonably accurate summary of the aspirations of eighteenth-century European intellectuals.
          01/ 07
          Day 4
          Thurs.



          The Baron ... seeing this cause and this effect
          , 1787 edition


           
          ... chased Candide away with great kicks
          in the rear, 1787 edition


          Candide fled as quickly as possible
          to another village, 1787 edition

          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          Voltaire, Candide (1758) Chapters 1-3 (Quiz1

          "A man who thinks all the world exists for his benefit is no better than the pampered goose who believes that the farmer who fattens him exists for his." (Alexander Pope)

          How can this guy who argues that 'Whatever is, is right' say such a thing?

          Know thyself, presume not God to scan
          The proper study of mankind is Man (1-2

          "Evil" defined: Evil cannot be defined as merely the consequence of crime or unfortunate events. Evil shakes our faith in the order of the universe:

          • metaphysical evil suggests a defect in the relation between the physical structure of matter and time: entropy
          • natural evil results from earthquakes, tsunamis, and the like
          • moral evil results from deliberate human wrong-doing or from the reward of vice and the punishment of virtue.
          • Defending Optimistic Determinism: "Everything is for the best in this the best of all possible worlds." (Prof. Pangloss) Evil must be part of a plan which will lead us to ultimate harmony.
          • Voltaire on Final Causes from his Philosophical Dictionary

          Voltaire, Candide (1758) Chapters 1-3 (Study Guide

          Chapter 1: Candide's Expulsion from Westphalia (The Fall of Man) (Googledocs Chapter 1)
          Chapter 2: The Recruiting Officers (Googledocs Chapter 2
          Chapter 3: The Seven Years War (Googledocs Chapter3) (notes)  Clip from Barry Lyndon (1975) dir. Stanley Kubrick: Barry's First Experience of War 
          • Does Voltaire believe that education and experience can condition us to avoid evil? 
          • What is Voltaire’s vision of the heroic adventure of warfare?
          • What do Anabaptists like Jacques believe? Why does he save Candide?

          Homework:

          Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 4-7   (Study Guide)

          For further study: God's Advocates: Leibniz and Pope vs. Bayle’s Manichaeism






          01/

          08

          Day 5

          Fri.





          Lisbon Harbor During the Earthquake of 1755


          Goya, Those Specks of Dust. 1796-1797


          The Grand Inquisitor

          An Auto-da-fe in Lisbon


          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)


          Leonard Bernstein, Overture to Candide (1956)

          The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

          Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 4-7 (Quiz) (Study Guide


          Chapter 1: Candide's Expulsion from Westphalia (The Fall of Man)
          Chapter 2: The Recruiting Officers
          Chapter 3: The Seven Years War (notes)
          • Does Voltaire believe that education and experience can condition us to avoid evil? 
          • What is Voltaire’s vision of the heroic adventure of warfare?
          • What do Anabaptists like Jacques believe? Why does he save Candide?
          Chapter 4:  Pangloss with the Pox and Jacques the Anabaptist (Googledocs Chapter 4)
          Chapter 5:  The Death of Jacques and The Lisbon Earthquake (Googledocs Chapter 5) Chapter 6:  The Inquisition’s Auto-da fe (Googledocs Chapter 6)
          Chapter 7:  Reunion with Cunegonde   (Googledocs Chapter 7)
          • How did the Inquisition respond to the Lisbon Earthquake?
          • What happened immediately after the auto-da-fe? (What is Voltaire's take on the
            link between moral evil and natural evil?)
          • Has Candide learned anything yet? How is Candide saved (once again)?
          • How did Cunegonde survive? What do you make of Voltaire’s choice to make
            Candide and Cunegonde indestructible? 

          Homework:

           Music of the Classical Era (Web Format)

          • Sonata Form: Four Movements (Fast; Slow; Dance; Fast)
          • Movement Form: (Exposition; Development; Recapitulation; Coda)
          • Hayden, Drum Roll Symphony #103 London (1795)   1st Movement (Sonata Form) (10:05)
          Mozart, Symphony #40 in G Minor, K. 550 (1788)





          01/

          11

          Day 6

          Mon.





          Candide Murders the Inquisitor


          The Old Woman Among the Moors


          Delacroix, Death of Sardanopalus (1827)


          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 8-12 (Quiz) (Study Guide

          The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

          Chapter 8: Cunegonde's Story: Shared by the Inquisitor and the Jew  (Googledocs Chapter 8)
          Chapter 9: Candide Commits Murder (Twice!) (Googledocs Chapter 9)
          Chapter 10: Bound for the New World (Googledocs Chapter 10)
          • Has Cunegonde learned anything thus far from her adventures?
          • What compromise regarding the possession of Cunegonde was reached
            between the Inquisitor and Don Isaachar? (Can reason enable natural
            enemies to overcome their differences?)
          • What moral judgment should we attach to Candide's killing of Don Isaachar?
            (Is it murder?) How about the killing of the Inquisitor which follows almost
            immediately thereafter? (Is that murder?)
          • What conclusion should we draw from Voltaire’s obvious anti-Semitism?
            (To what extent does this irrational belief discredit him?)
          • Who saves Candide and Cunegonde? (Why?)
          • What is Candide's response when Cunegonde tells him that all of her jewelry
            has been stolen? (Has he learned anything?)
          • Why does Candide believe that the New World will be different from the Old?
            (Has he learned anything by this point? How about Cunegonde?)
          Chapter 11: The Old Woman's Adventures: The Wheel of Fortune (Googledocs Chapter 11)
          Chapter 12: The Old Woman's Adventures: The Plague, Slavery, Cannibalism, Suicide (Googledocs Chapter 12)
          • What should we make of Voltaire's racism?
          • To what indignities was the young princess subjected? Who saves her? (Why?)
            What misfortune befalls her in Algiers?
          • How did she lose her buttock in Russia?  
          • Despite all her terrible ordeals, the Old Woman never commits suicide.
            What is the most important lesson she has learned?

          Homework:

          Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 13-18 (Study Guide)





          01/

          12

          Day 7

          Tues.







          Candide Shoots the Apes



          Candide and Cacambo 

          loading the Flying Sheep



          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers

          Potential Artifacts Topic: The Mission and the Guarani Wars of 1750’s (“The Guarani”; “The Sword of the Word” (LOC)) The Jesuit Missions of Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil (ppt)

          Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 13-18 (Quiz) (Study Guide)

          Chapter 13:     The New World: Buenos Aires   (Goodgle Docs Chapter 13)
          Chapter 14:     The Jesuit Utopia  (GoogleDocs Chapter 14)
          Chapter 15:     Candide Kills his Brother-In-Law (GoogleDocs Chapter 15
          Chapter 16:     The Biglugs: Man in the State of Nature (GoogleDocs Chapter 16)

          • Why does Cunegonde decide to dump Candide for Governor Don Fernando
            d'Ibaraa y Figueora y Mascarenes y Lampourdos y Souza
            ?  Do you agree
            with the old woman’s advice? What about the ideal of love? Look carefully at
            Candide's response whn he learns that he has been dumped. Has he learned anything?
          • Who is Cacambo? (Keep track of how many times he saves Candide's life.)
          • Describe Voltaire's impression of the New World paradise  created by the
            Jesuits in South America. How different is it from the Old World?
            (See Jesuit Missions in South America)
          • Who does the commandant of the Jesuit mission turn out to be? Why does
            Candide kill him?
          • What does Candide find out right after saving the girls in the jungle by shooting
            the monkey men that had been chasing them? (Do we make this kind of judgment
            about foreign cultures often? See Pinker on the teddy bear named 'Muhammad'.)
          • What did the Biglugs plan to do to Candide after they capture him? How does
            Cacambo save Candide once again?
          • What is the most basic law of nature? (Would Voltaire call this law evil?) What version
            of the social contract would Voltaire embrace? (Compare to Hobbes and Locke)

          Chapter 17:     Eldorado (GoogleDocs Chapter 17)
          Chapter 18:     The Government of Eldorado (GoogleDocs Chapter 18)

          • What was the legend of El Dorado? (See Time) ("The Gilded Man")
          • After showing the reality of society in the New World, Voltaire presents his
            vision of Utopia.
          • How do Candide and Cacambo find El Dorado? How was this community
            founded? What economy? What religion? What government?  What is the one rule
            you must follow if you want to live in El Dorado?
          • Why does Candide insist on leaving El Dorado? What do you make of this choice?
            How does he and Cacambo get over the mountains?

          Homework:

          Voltaire, Candide, chapters 19-21 (Study Guide)





          01/ 13 Day 8
          Wed.  



          This is the price for the sugar 

          you eat in Europe


          Candide and Cacambo 

          loading the Flying Sheep


          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

          Voltaire, Candide, chapters 19-21 (Quiz) (Study Guide

          Chapter 19:     Surinam (Google Docs Chapter 19)
          Chapter 20:     Martin the Manichean  (GoogleDocs Chapter 20)
          Chapter 21:     More of Martin’s Philosophy (GoogleDocs Chapter 21)

          • How did the slave lose his hand and leg? Describe the conditions on
            sugar plantation in the French West Indies. These plantations were the most
            profitable in all the French Empire. (How do you think they financed their wars?)
          • When Candide hears the black man's story, what does he finally conclude?
            (Is this a bad moment for him?)
          • What is Candide’s plan to recover Cunegonde?
          • How does Candide get ripped off by Mynheer Vanderdendur?
          • How does Candide meet Martin the Manichean? (What is a Socinian? What
            is a Manichaean?) What is the topic of their conversations enroute to France?
            What is Martin's argument for the existence of Satan?
          • Does what happens during the sea battle to confirm Martin’s philosophy?
            What is Voltaire’s point?
          • What is the purpose served by the design of the universe, according to Martin?
            Would Voltaire agree with Martin?  What is Martin’s conception of
            man in the state of nature?
          • How has Candide emended Pangloss’ philosophy? What keeps Candide from
            embracing Martin's dark philosophy? What has he learned?
          Homework:





          01/ 14 Day 9
          Thurs.



          Candide Reunited with Cunegonde


          Candide in his Garden


          Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations) (Exam Schedule)

          The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

          Voltaire, Candide, chapters 27-30 (Quiz) (Study Guide)

          Chapter 27:     Constantinople Bound: the Galleys of the Turks (GoogleDocs Chapter 27)
          Chapter 28:     The Adventures of Pangloss and the Baron
          Chapter 29:     Reunion with Cunegonde and the Old Woman (GoogleDocs Chapter 29)
          Chapter 30:     The Conclusion (GoogleDocs Chapter 30)

          • How did all our heroes wind up in this part of the world? (I thought the
            Professor and the Baron were both dead!)  How did the Baron wind up
            enslaved and tortured in the Pasha’s galley? How did Pangloss survive hanging?
            How did Pangloss wind up in hot water again? (How does Pangloss hint that he
            has modified his belief in optimistic determinism?)
          • What sad event prevents Candide from achieving perfect happiness? How will
            this occurrence complete his education?
          • Where do Candide and his friends decide to make their home? (Recognize this place?)
            Why does the family decide to get rid of the Baron? (How do they do it?) What is life
            like on Candide’s little farm? Is that so bad?
          • What wisdom does the dervish share with the family about the origin of evil?
            What is their neighbor's philosophy of life? How does the existence of ice cream fit
            into Voltaire’s philosophy?
          • Has Candide learned anything from his experience?
          Homework:





          01/ 15 Day 10
          Fri. READING DAY

          Houdon, Voltaire (1781)
          01/ 18 Day 0 Mon. MLK DAY








          01/ 19 Day 1
          Tues. EXAMS








          01/ 20 Day 2
          Wed. EXAMS








          01/ 21 Day 3
          Thurs. EXAMS








          01/ 22 Day 4
          Fri. EXAMS








          01/ 25 Day 5
          Mon. EXAM MAKE-UP DAY








          01/ 26 Day 6 Tues. SECOND SEMESTER BEGINS