Quiz on the Scientific Revolution, The Political Revolution and the Enlightenment:

1. How did Descartes prove the existence of God?
2. What was the significance of Galileo's discovery of the moons of Jupiter, the craters on the moon, and spots on the sun?
3. How did Hobbes’ social contract transform the power structure of society?
4. Why was an absolute monarchy necessary in Hobbes’ state?
5. How did the philosophes apply Newton’s universal laws to the problems of society and government?
6. What were the deists’ religious beliefs?
7. Explain Locke's conception of natural law.
   
8. How did Locke’s epistemology refute the Church’s idea of original sin?

E.C. What is optimistic determinism and who developed this philosophy?