European Humanities EH 31 Spragins 2011-12		“Two things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe, the more often and steadily we reflect upon them: the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me.”  (Kant)
		Carey Hall Room 202 Office Hours: 2:15-3:30 p.m. (daily) jspragins@gilman.edu (410) 828-5212  4th Period Classes: Days 3,4,7,10 Fall Outline: Course Description Orientation Texts for 2011-12
	Nike Adjusting Her Sandal 410 BC,	The Greeks Geography Quiz  Powerpoint Projects:  From the Big Bang to the Bronze Age in Twenty Minutes Achilles vs. Odysseus: Changing Conceptions of the Greek Hero Greek Philosophy, Art, Architecture, and History Plato, Apology Thucydides, “Pericles' Funeral Oration”  The Spartans Darker Aspects of the Athenian Golden Age Plato and Aristotle: The Greek Ideal Sophocles, Oedipus Rex Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal
	God Speaks to Job from the Whirlwind (William Blake)	Hellenism, Judaism, Christianity and the Roman World Roman World Project  Judaism  Christianity  Roman Stoicism
	The Rose Window at Notre Dame Cathedral	Medieval England Story of English Internet Hunt Beowulf Creative Writing Assignment Medieval Music
	Cowper Madonna c.1505 (Raphael)	The Renaissance Romanesque Art and Architecture Gothic Art and Architecture Early Renaissance Art High Renaissance Art Renaissance Music Chaucer Renaissance Readings
		Shakespeare’s Macbeth (1606)
	Juan de Pareja 1650 (Velazquez)	The Seventeenth Century Historical Backgrounds  The Reformation Economic Renewal and Wars of Religion Rise of the Sovereign Monarch and the Nation State Baroque Art and Architecture Baroque Music Revolution in Scientific Thought: Copernicus, Galileo, Newton Revolution in Political Thought: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke
	Voltaire, 1778 (Houdon)	The Enlightenment The Enlightenment Philosophy in the 18th Century: The Problem of Evil  Introduction to Voltaire The Lisbon Earthquake (1755)  Swift, A Modest Proposal (1729)  Hogarth's The Rake's Progress Voltaire, Candide (1758) (Study Guide) Music of the Classical Era Mid-Year Exam

Month

Day

Cycle Day

Day

Assignment

09/

07

Day 0

Wed

MINI-SCEDULE

Bright newborn stars shape a nebula -- a glowing cloud of dust and gas -- through their luminous energy, while the nebula keeps the energy from dissipating into the galaxy. Hubble Space Telescope

The Big Bang!

Earth Rise

Geological Time

Buddhist Vajrasattva, Mandala

Course Orientation: 

Course Description
Texts for 2011-12
Daily Grammar & Vocabulary Drills (Books in Classroom)

The Creation:

Hubble Space Telescope Photos

Deep Time Exercise:

The History of Deep Time

If every step you take measures a year, how far would you have to walk from Gilman (heading west on Northern Parkway) to get to the following moments in the history of the universe? Where would you wind up?

Extra Credit: At three feet per step and fifteen minutes per mile (5280 feet), how long would it take you to get there? Draw a line graph on the chalkboard to represent the data as close to scale as possible.

a. Greek Golden Age Begins: 500 BC 
b. Agricultural Revolution: 10,000 BC 
c. Ice Age Ends: 18,000 BC 
d. Cave Art: 50,000 BC 
e. Homo sapiens: 250,000 BC 
f.  Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis): 3,200,000 BC 
g. Life on Earth Begins: 3,500,000,000 BC 
h. Earth Forms: 4.570,000,000 BC 
i.  Big Bang: 13,700,000,000 BC 

Conversions; Calculator; Map, The Solar System (map)

Homework: 

Summer Reading Speeches
Acceptable Use Policy Form (AUP's)

Portrait of Self as a Writer (Semester Goals)  Due Monday at 3:30 p.m.

 09/        

08

Day 1

Thurs

George Orwell (1903-1950)

Grammar: Diagnostic Test
Gilman School Computer Network Resources: 

• Zee Drop Box (on the S-Drive)
• Zee Resources Folder (on the S-Drive)
• Imail (username@students.gilman.edu) 
• FTP Explorer: (At the Hound: FTP Explorer Client Software and Instructions)
• Macintosh Users: Click here to search for a downloadable copy of an FTP client for your Macintosh. (Please select your current Mac OS from the list.)
• Google Docs

Summer Reading Speeches
Summer Reading Pledge Sheet
Summer Reading Table

Multimedia:

1984 Apple's Macintosh Commercial
Trailer from Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) dir. Michael Radford

Homework: 

Portrait of Self as a Writer (Rough Draft) (Before you start, take a look at the thirteen steps to college level writing.)
Read Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 1-22 "The Garden of Eden"; "The Top Hat"

09/           

09

Day 2

Fri.

The European World According to Herodotus (500 BC)

Mediterranean Colonies

Archaic Greece

Finish Grammar Diagnostic Test

Summer Reading Speeches
Summer Reading Pledge Sheet
Summer Reading Table

Portrait of Self as a Writer (Final Draft Due Monday)

Essay Process

Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 1-22 "The Garden of Eden"; "The Top Hat" (Notes)

The Greeks: Backgrounds

Geography Project: Ancient Greece Map

Use these maps to get ready for a geography quiz.  
Ancient World Maps for Students (UNC)
Ancient World Maps (OSHA)  
Ancient Greece

PDF Maps: 
Map of Europe
Map of Mediterranean Basin (terrain) 
Map of Greece (terrain) 
Map of Greece (place names)

Homework: 

Finish Ancient Greece Map
Finish Portrait of Self as a Writer
Read Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 23-29 "The Myths"

09/

12

Day 3

Mon.

Lascaux Cave, France

Venus of Willendorf
c. 24,000-22,000 BC
(Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna)

The Great Pyramid of Khufu 2530 BC  Khafre's Pyramid c. 2500 BC The Pyramid of Menkure c. 2460 B.C.

Due at 3:30 p.m.: Portrait of Self as a Writer

Summer Reading Speeches
Summer Reading Pledge Sheet
Summer Reading Table

The Greeks (Backgrounds):

Discussion: Sophie's World, pp. 21-27 "The Myths"
Sophie's Questions
The Myths

Powerpoint Projects: Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology:

Powerpoint: Pre-History, Mesopotamia, Egypt
Backgrounds: Historical Period Table

Homework: 

Powerpoint Projects: 
Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology
Directions: In a two-three minute presentation summarize the information on your topic and identify its key idea, or tell the story of your myth in an imaginative way. 
Powerpoint Guidelines (The Siliciano Rules)
MLA Form (Purdue)

Mythology Assignment Table 2011

Neat Resources:

Carlos Parada’s Mythology Site

Laura Gibbs’ Site on Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East

09/

13

Day 4

Tues.

"Hieroglyphics." 
Ca. 300 B.C. London, British Museum.

Minoan Snake Goddess
from Knossos, Crete
c. 1600 BCE

Death Mask of Agamemnon
10 1/8 inch beaten gold
1550 BC

Summer Reading Speeches (Continue) 
Summer Reading Table

Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology

Powerpoint: Crete, Mycenae, Greece

Powerpoint Guidelines (The Siliciano Rules)
Mythology Assignment Table 2011

Homework:

Powerpoint Projects

Read Norris, “A Brief History of Athens from the 6th to the 4^th Centuries B.C.” (2000)

4^th Period: Man in the State of Nature: “The Dawn of Man” from 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) dir. Stanley Kubrick Strauss, Thus Spoke Zarathustra

09/

14

Day 5

Wed.

The Sirens

Homeric Geography

Krater, second half of 8th century B.C.
Geometric Greek, Attic

Attic, black-figure, ca. 530 B.C.

Student Presentations:

Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes: The Age of Mythology
Powerpoint Guidelines (The Siliciano Rules)
Mythology Assignment Table 2011

Homer:

“The Iliad and the Odyssey have been known in the Western world continuously from the time that they were made available.”

Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Tuesday at 3:30 p.m.
Essay Process

Homework:

Read Homer, The Iliad, episode one: "The Quarrel by the Ships" (Study Guide)

Additional Resources:

• Iliad Outline
• A Synopsis of The Iliad
• Knox Notes: Achilles as Tragic Hero
• Achilles’ Shield, from Book 18 of The Iliad
• Origins of Homer’s Epics in oral tradition. (Kagan)
  rhapsodes- stitchers of songs

  Online: Multimedia: 

  You can listen to Stanley Lombardo reading the Greek text of Homer's Iliad online. Although it sounds very strange to us, Stefan Hagel's recitation is probably much closer to what Homer might have sung. (Gibbs)

  Homer, The Iliad: The Rage of Achilles (Mosaic) 
  The Illiad: Achilles and Agamemnon Argue (Mosaic)
  Images from the Trojan War in Greek Art (Temple U.)

09/

15

Day 6

Thurs.

PARENT”S NIGHT

Birth of Athena (560 B.C.)

The Shield of Achilles (1821)
made for George IV’s coronation banquet

Athena Warns Achilles (Reubens)

Western Ancient History in Twenty Minutes:  The Age of Mythology
Mythology Assignment Table 2011
Paragraph on Mythology

Homer (750 B.C.): Introduction to The Iliad

Proem to The Iliad (Listen to The Iliad in ancient Greek (and here))

Sing, Goddess, sing of the rage of Achilles, son of Peleus—
that murderous anger which condemned Achaeans
to countless agonies and threw many warrior souls
deep into Hades, leaving their dead bodies
carrion food for dogs and birds—
all in fulfillment of the will of Zeus.

Start at the point where Agamemnon, son of Atreus,

that king of men, quarreled with noble Achilles.

Which of the gods incited these two men to fight?

(Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Tuesday at 3:30 p.m.)

Homer, The Iliad, episode one: "The Quarrel by the Ships"
Paragraph on Achilles as Hero

Homework:

Read Homer, The Odyssey, Book Nine: "Ismarus, the Lotus Eaters, and the Cyclops";  Study Guide; also read the short excerpt from Book 12: Hades where "Odysseus Meets Achilles"

Maps: Odysseus' Journey Home; Odyssey Map

09/

16

Day 7

Fri.

The Cyclops Polyphemus (Sperlanga)

ODYSSEUS & POLYPHEMOS;
Attic Black Figure 510 - 490 BC Louvre

Homeric Geography

Statue of Odysseus and Polyphemus in the Sperlanga Museum

Homer, The Odyssey,
Book Nine: "Ismarus, the Lotus Eaters, and the Cyclops"
excerpt from Book 12: Hades: "Odysseus Meets Achilles"

Homer Odyssey Book Nine Study Guide


Homework:

(Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Tuesday at 3:30 p.m.)

For Further Reading: 
Images from the Trojan War in Greek Art (Temple U.)

Odysseus Defying the Cyclops, drawing Shutzenburger (1894)	Odysseus's Escape
Painted kylix, showing a trireme. 490 B.C. (London: British Museum)	Odysseus and his men blinding Polyphemus (detail of a proto-attic amphora, c. 650 BC, museum of Eleusis)

09/

19

Day 8

Mon.

Head of Odysseus (marble, ca. A.D. 50, from the "Cave of Tiberius" at Sperlonga). 

(Essay Contrasting Achilles and Odysseus due Tuesday at 3:30 p.m.)

Introduce: Internet Research Project

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 16th.

Homework:

Read: "The Greek Miracle" (Hamilton vs. Kelley)

09/

20

Day 9

Tues.

Greek and Phoenician Trade Routes

The Nile

Boeotia: Mt. Helikon from Osios Loukas

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011

Discuss: "The Greek Miracle" (Hamilton vs. Kelley)
Map of the Persian Empire at its Height

Dr. J.’s Timeline of Classical Greece

Homework:

The Emergence of Athens:
Notes on Herodotus: The Persian Wars (440 B.C.) (complete text)

Excerpts: Xerxes at the Hellespont (Book 7); Leonidas and the 300 at Thermopylae (Mosaic)

Check out the Maps:
The Persian Empire at its Height (Map) 
Battle of Marathon (Map)
Battle of Thermopylae (Another Map) 
Battle of Salamis (Map)

For further reading:

Dr. J's Illustrated Persian War Site

4th Period: The Elements of Music: Melody and Harmony

09/

21

Day 10

Wed.

The Persian Empire at its Height

Thermopylae Monument

The reconstructed trireme Olympias at sea. It was launched with due ceremony on 27 June 1987.

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Greek Ideal Questions on Homer and Herodotus

The Emergence of Athens:
Leonidas, Themistocles and The Persian Wars (490-479 BC)

The Persian Wars: The Test of Greek Democracy 
Herodotus: The Persian Wars (Quiz)
Leonidas and the 300 at Thermopylae (Mosaic) 

Historiē: “research” or “inquiry”; To Herodotus’ audience, the term would have had a vaguely clinical air, coming, as it did, from the vocabulary of the newborn field of natural science. (Herodotus was born in Ionia.) Prior to Herodotus, people conceived of their ‘story’ in epic terms, ie a poem recounting the exploits of a hero, like Achilles in The Iliad. (Notes on The Invention of History)

Homework:

Read: Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 28-55: The Natural Philosophers; Democritus; Fate (Study Guide)

4th Period: The Elements of Music: Melody and Harmony

Map of the Battle of Thermopylae

09/

22

Day 1

Thurs.

Tour of Miletus (480 B.C.) (Notice the gridplan introduced by the architect Hippodamus a native of Miletus.)

Thales of Miletus (624-547 BC)

Anaximander, detail  from Raphael,
The School of Athens (1510)

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18.

Introduction to the Natural Philosophers: Sophie's World, pp.28-55 (quiz) (answers)

Greek Ideal Essay: The Pre-Socratic Philosophers

• physis vs. nomos: nature vs. custom
• philosophy:  Greek word, from phileîn, “to love,” and sophía, “wisdom,” 
• cosmology: the study of the origin, nature, and structure of the physical universe.
• metaphysics: the study of the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, time and space, fact and value.
• axiom: a sentence or proposition that is not proved or demonstrated and is considered to be self-evident. Therefore, it is taken for granted as true and serves as a starting point for deducing other truths. (How is an axiom different from a theorem?) (Euclid’s Axioms)

Powerpoint Presentations:

• The Natural Philosophers: The Ionian School: Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes

Homework: 

Read Plato, Apology (The Trial of Socrates) (Socrates Study Guide)

For further reading:

The Trial of Socrates (UMKC)
Brief Biography of Socrates

Metaphysics today? Particle Theory/ String Theory

9/

23

Day 2

Fri.

CLASS DAY

9/

26

Day 3

Mon.

Pythagoras from Raphael, The School of Athens (1510)

The Union of Earth and Water (1618) Reubens

Gilman Punctuation Rules

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Essay Workshop: The Natural Philosophers (Study Guide)

Powerpoint Presentations:

The Natural Philosophers: The Eleatic School: Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus and Zeno

The Natural Philosophers: The Pluralists vs. the Atomists: Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Democritus, Hippocrates

Homework: 

Read: Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 56-77: Socrates, Athens

The Trial of Socrates (UMKC)
Athens Internet Tour: The Ancient City of Athens [At Indiana] A photographic archive of the archaeological and architectural remains of ancient Athens. 

9/

27

Day 4

Tues.

David, Jacques-Louis
The Death of Socrates
1787

Socrates speaking with Alcibiades, a detail of The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael.  (Wikipedia)

Bust of Socrates (Roman Copy of Lyssipos)

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

“the life which is unexamined is not worth living” - Socrates

Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp. 56-77: Socrates, Athens

Sophie on Socrates

Powerpoint Presentations:
Pre-Socratic Philosophy: The Sophists: Protagoras, Gorgias, Hippias
The Philosophy of Socrates

The Athenian Golden Age: Discussion of Plato's Apology; Socrates Study Guide (Quiz)

• True Wisdom
• The Purpose of Life
• The Gadfly
• The Greatest Good
• The Soul
• Death?

Homework:

Thucydides Pericles’ Funeral Oration; Backgrounds: The Peloponnesian Wars; Dr. J’s Illustrated Funeral Oration

For further reading:

Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address

Plutarch’s Life of Pericles
Sophists: Philosophical Backgrounds of the 5th Century BC
Rhetorical Forms

9/

28

Day 5

Wed.

Marble Bust of Pericles British Museum

Athens and Sparta

The names of the 58,209 American soldiers either killed or missing in action during the Vietnam War. As a memorial at Arlington reads: "All gave some . . . some gave all."

View of the Acropolis and the South Slope from the southwest (from near the Philopappos Monument).

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

The Greek Ideal in Politics

Powerpoint Presentation:

• Thucydides and The Peloponnesian Wars

Backgrounds:

• The Peloponnesian Wars
• A Narrative History of the Peloponessian War

Discuss Athenian Democracy as reflected in Pericles' speech:Thucydides Pericles’ Funeral Oration

1. Apology for inadequacy of words
2. Honor to Ancestors
3. Thesis
4. The Characteristics of Democratic Society
5. The Characteristics of the Citizen in a Democracy
6. The Advantages of a Democracy in War: Citizen Soldiers
7. Honor to the Fallen
8. Love of Country: The Obligation of the Living to the Dead

• Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and
  John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address
• As a class, compose a campaign speech for the Gilman Student Council that uses some of the rhetorical techniques of Pericles' famous oration.

Homework:

• Xenophon, The Customs of the Spartans; The Spartan War Machine; Poetry of Tyrtaeus
• Archidamus Characterizes the Strength of the Spartans

For further reading:

Kagan Lecture on Sparta (2009)

Two Faces of Greece: Athens and Sparta (PBS)
Plutarch’s Life of Lycurgus

4^th Period:

9

29

Day 0

Thurs.

ROSH HASHANAH

9/

30

Day 6

Fri.

Bust of a Spartan Warrior: "Our friend brings us good news.  If the Persians darken the sun with their arrows, we will be able to fight in the shade." (Dieneces)

Peloponnesian Wars

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Sparta: (Quiz)

• Poetry of Tyrtaeus
• Xenophon, The Customs of the Spartans; The Spartan War Machine
• Sparta Notes
• Two Faces of Greece: Athens and Sparta (PBS)

Homework:

Darker Aspects of The Athenian Golden Age: 

Thucydides, The Melian Dialogue
Aristotle on Greek Slavery
The Lot of Hellenic Women

For further reading:

Melos Role Playing Site

Was Athens really a democracy?
The Democratic Aristocracy of Athens (Georg Busolt)
Was Athens in the Age of Pericles Aristocratic? (Van Hook)

10/3

Day 7

Mon.

View of the Acropolis and the South Slope from the southwest (from near the Philopappos Monument).
(Ancient City of Athens)

The Athenian Empire (450 BCE)

An Athenian Slave Helps an Athlete
Prepare to Compete  510-500 B.C.

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18.

"Men do not rest content with parrying the attacks of a superior, but often strike the first blow to prevent the attack being made. And we cannot fix the exact point at which our empire shall stop; we have reached a position in which we must not be content with retaining but must scheme to extend it, for, if we cease to rule others, we are in danger of being ruled ourselves. Nor can you look at inaction from the same point of view as others, unless you are prepared to change your habits and make them like theirs." Alcibiades' Oration before the Sicilian expedition as recorded by Thucydides, (VI, 18]

Powerpoint Presentations:

• The Rise of Athenian Democracy: Draco, Solon, Pisistratos, Cleisthenes, and Themistocles

Darker Aspects of  The Athenian Golden Age: 

• Thucydides, The Melian Dialogue (Notes)
• Documents on Greek Slavery (Notes)
• The Lot of Hellenic Women
• A Narrative History of the Peloponessian War

Problems with Greek Democracy:

1. Can democracy compete with authoritarian enemies? (Athens v. Sparta)
2. Can citizens meet their responsibilities? (voting, community service, military service)
3. Will the leaders of a democracy be corrupted by moral relativism and power? (Alcibiades' imperialism, Aristotle's justification of economic exploitation;  the us vs. them syndrome)

Homework:

Read Gaarder, Sophie's World, pp.78-120 "Plato"; "Aristotle"  

Read Plato: The Allegory of the Cave; Notes; Student Cave Drawings

For further reading
Plato: excerpts from The Republic: Notes

10/

4

Day 8

Tues.

Plato (left) and Aristotle (right), a detail of The School of Athens, a fresco by Raphael.  (Wikipedia)

Plato’s Cave

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Powerpoint Presentations: Socrates' Students:

• The Philosophy of Plato and the Academy
• The Philosophy of Aristotle and the Lyceum
• Sophie on Plato and Aristotle

Plato:

• excerpts from The Republic: The Philosopher King; Notes
• The Allegory of the Cave; Notes; Student Cave Drawings

Homework:

Paragraphs on Greek Democracy and The Greek Ideal

10/

5

Day 9

Wed.

Sculpture from the Parthenon's West Pediment

Temple of Hera at Paestum (550 BC)

Temple of Athena at Paestum (500 BC)

The Parthenon,
(Ancient City of Athens)

The Parthenon 477-438 BC The Fibonacci Sequence

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

The Parthenon embodies the supreme ideal of the Greeks: there is harmony and order in the universe that is discernible to the human intellect. (see Disney Headquarters) 

Review: Plato and Aristotle (Topic Sentence) Quotes? Use: Sophie on Plato and Aristotle

Philosophy Review: Raphael's The School of Athens (Interactive)

Presentations:

• Ancient Greek Architecture: The Rise of the Classical Ideal
• Sculpture of the Golden Age: The Rise of the Classical Ideal
• The Fibonacci Sequence and The Golden Proportion in Art
• The Parthenon
  

Homework:

Backgrounds to Greek Tragedy: 
Review: Bullfinch's Mythology: Dionysus (Bacchus), Cadmus and Europa; The Sphinx

For further reading:

From Ovid, Metamorphoses, Books 3 and 4
The House of Cadmus:
Europa, Acteon, Semele, Tiresias, Narcissus and Echo, Pentheus,
Athamas and Ino

4^th Period:

Sculpture from the Parthenon Frieze	Kouros (youth), ca. 590–580
Polykleitos, Doryphoros 450-440	Dying Gaul 240-200 BC

10/

6

Day 10

Thurs.

Dionysian Revels

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Powerpoint Presentation: The Origins of Greek Tragedy

Backgrounds to Greek Tragedy:

Dionysus and the Origins of Tragedy: (Crete, Mycenae, Greece Powerpoint)

Dionysus Cadmus and Europa; The Sphinx (Quiz)

From Ovid, Metamorphoses, Books 3 and 4: The House of Cadmus and the Problem of Undeserved Suffering (Acteon, Semele, Tiresias, Narcissus and Echo, Pentheus, Athamas and Ino)

Homework:

• The Origins of Tragedy
• The Athenian Festival
• Greek Tragedy Study Guide

For further reading: 

• Nietzsche, from The Birth of Tragedy (1871)
• Ancient Greek Theatre (Reed College)
• Dr. J's Illustrated Greek Theatre
• Backgrounds to Greek Tragedy (Brooklyn College)
• Classical Greek Tragedy and Theatre (Damen)
• Recreation of the Theatre of Dionysus in Athens
• Ancient Greek Stage Craft
• The Ultimate Online Study Guide to Sophocles' Three Theban Plays

4^th Period: Paragraph Writing for Greek Ideal Essay

Titian, Bacchus and Ariadne (1518)

10/

7

Day 1

Fri.

The Theatre at Epidauros
from Skenotheke

The Theatre of Dionysus
next to the Acropolis in Athens

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

The Theme of Tragedy: The Mystery of Human Suffering 

From Bullfinch's Mythology: Dionysus (Bacchus), Cadmus and Europa; The Sphinx; From Ovid, Metamorphoses, Books 3 and 4: The House of Cadmus and the Problem of Undeserved Suffering (Acteon, Semele, Tiresias, Narcissus and Echo, Pentheus, Athamas and Ino)

The Origins of Tragedy:

• The Origins of Tragedy
• The Athenian Festival
• Greek Tragedy Study Guide
• Backgrounds Quiz
• Damen Argument

Homework:

Read: Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Prologue and Parados (Study Guide)

For Further Study: 

• Thucydides Histories: The Plague in Athens (more)
• Classical Greek Tragedy and Theatre (Damen)
• excerpts from Aristotle’s Poetics

10/

10

Day 2

Mon.

Khnopff The Caress 1896.

Oedipus and the Sphinx. Painted by Gustave Moreau 1826-1898.

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

• How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
• What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces in the ritual of tragedy?
• How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (Discussion) Prologue and Parados (Study Guide) (Quiz)

Homework:

Read: Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Scene 1 and Ode 1;
Study Guide: Scene 1/ Ode 1

(Discussion outline)

Six Choristers (490 BC)

10/

11

Day 3

Tues.

Teiresias Accuses Oedipus

"You yourself are the pollution of this country."
(Scene 1)

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

- How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
-What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces in the ritual of tragedy?
- How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (Discussion outline) Scene 1 and Ode 1 (Study Guide) (Quiz)

Irony: Dramatic Irony, Perepetea, Catharsis
The Soothsayer's Prophecy

Homework:

Read: Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Scene 2; Ode 2 (Study Guide)

10/

12

Day 4

Wed.

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Scene 2; Ode 2 (Study Guide) (Quiz)

Irony: Dramatic Irony, Perepetea, Catharsis

Dramatic Irony in Scene 2 Example 1 Example 2

Homework

Oedipus Rex: The Messenger from Corinth: Scene 3 and Ode 3; Study Guide: Scene 3/ Ode 3
Recognition: Scene 4; Ode 4; Study Guide: Scene 4/ Ode 4

4^th Period:

10/

13

Day 5

Thurs.

Polybos was not your father." Oedipus Rex iii

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Oedipus Rex: The Messenger from Corinth: Scene 3 and Ode 3;

Study Guide: Scene 3/ Ode 3
Recognition: Scene 4; Ode 4;
Study Guide: Scene 4/ Ode 4: (Quiz)

Discussion: The Messenger from Corinth; Recognition

Homework:

Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Catharsis :Exodos (Study Guide)

10/

14

Day 6

Fri.

"God. God. Is there a sorrow greater!"
Oedipus Rex, exodus

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Sophocles Oedipus Rex: Catharsis :Exodos (Study Guide) (Quiz)

• How did Sophocles question the foundation of the Greek ideal in his tragedy Oedipus Rex?
• What ancient understanding of our place in the natural world resurfaces in the ritual of tragedy?
• How might Socrates have responded to Sophocles' tragic vision in Oedipus Rex? (No doubt, he saw the play.)

Discussion: Catharsis

Aristotle's Definition of Tragedy: : 

• tragos: "goatsong"
• choral odes: dithyrambs (Parados) (Ode 1) (Ode 2) (Ode 3) (Ode 4)
• "Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; ... in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions."
• Action (plot) is not merely the sequence of events but "a movement of the spirit through a community."
• The building blocks of tragedy: dramatic irony and perepeteia lead to catharsis

Homework:

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

10/

14

Day 6

Fri.

"terracotta mask of Dionysus" Greek,
Myrina; second century BCE Paris, Louvre Museum.

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal

Homework:

The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

10/

17

Day 7

Mon.

"God. God. Is there a sorrow greater!" Oedipus Rex, exodus

Essay Workshop: The Greek Ideal

Homework:

Internet Research Project:
Assignment Table 2011
The Greek Ideal Essay due Tuesday, October 18

MLA Citation Format

4^th Period: 

10/

18

Day 8

Tues.

Diogenes the Cynic (Detail from Raphael's School of Athens)

Diogenes and Alexander the Great

The Greek Ideal Essay due at 3:30 p.m.

The Cynics; Alexander The Great

Sophie on Hellenism
Hellenism: The Cynics, The Stoics, the Epicureans, and the Neo-Platonists
The Origins of the Olympic Games

Music History: The Elements of Music:

• Rhythm: Sonic action in time. Or, the arrangement of durational sonic patterns or tone lengths that fall on or between a "beat".
• Meter: The basic scheme of note values and accents which remains unaltered throughout a composition or a section of a composition which serves as a basic skeleton for rhythm and represented in notation as a fraction: 4/4, 3/4, et al.
• Tempo: The rate of speed of a composition or a section of a composition which is measured by the number of beats-per-minute. Metronome markings are used to indicate tempo; e. g. 60 beats-per-minute is "slow" while 120 beats-per- minute is "fast".
• Melody and Harmony

Exercise: Rhythm:

• Exploratorium: The Science of Music
• Harry Partch's Virtual Instruments (American Mavericks)

Homework: Read Sophie's World, "Hellenism", pp.121-39

10/

19

Day 9

Wed.

Alexander Mosaic from Pompeii, from
a 3rd century BC original Greek painting, now lost)

The Regions Conquered by Alexander 
(Mosaic Sources on Alexander the Great)

Sophie on Hellenism

Roman Art (Powerpoint) 

Choose Topic for Roman World Project

Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Directions:

1. Carefully read your texts.
2. While reading, think about how you will answer the study questions.
3. Write answers to the questions in sentences.
4. Report to the class about the main ideas of the reading. (Don’t just tell the story; explain its significance.)
5. Be ready to lead the class in a discussion of the review questions at the end of your section.

Homework:

10/

20

Day 10

Thurs.

Augustus as general, from Primaporta,
Italy, ca. 20 B.C. Marble, 6' 8" high. Vatican Museums, Rome

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Directions:

1. Carefully read your texts.
2. While reading, think about how you will answer the study questions.
3. Write answers to the questions in sentences.
4. Report to the class about the main ideas of the reading. (Don’t just tell the story; explain its significance.)
5. Be ready to lead the class in a discussion of the review questions at the end of your section.

Homework:

Judaism:

· Genesis 1, 2, 6-9

· Exodus 19-23

· The Prophets: Amos, Isaiah, Isaiah2

10/

21

Day 1

Fri.

God Speaks to Job from the Whirlwind (William Blake)

The View from atop Mt. Sinai

The Western Wall of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Judaism:

• Genesis 1, 2, 6-9
• Exodus 19-23
• The Prophets: Amos, Isaiah, Isaiah2
• Excerpts from Job

1. How does the ambiguity of the ancient Hebrew myths (like The Garden of Eden, The Flood, and Job teach us about the nature of the covenant between God and his chosen people?
2. Describe the path to the truth that must be followed according to ancient Hebrew thought.

Homework:

Paragraphs on Judaism

Read Sophie's World, "The Postcards" and "Two Cultures" (pp. 140-164)

10/

24

Day 2

Mon.

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Christianity:

• Matthew, 4-7, The Sermon on the Mount
• The Acts of the Apostles
• St. Paul’s Letters to the Corinthians and the Romans
• St. Augustine’s City of God; Selections from Augustine: On Christian Doctrine
  

3. How does the teaching of Jesus integrate ancient Greek and ancient Hebrew thought?
4. What methods did the early church fathers (Peter, Paul and Augustine) use to successfully spread Christianity?
5. How did St. Augustine solve the theological problem of evil?.

For further reading: Mike S. Presentation on Job (10/01/03)

Homework:

Paragraphs on Christianity

4th Period: Music History: The Elements of Music Melody and Harmony

10/

25

Day 3

Tues.

The Pont du Gard, a Roman Aqueduct

Map of the Roman Empire 117 AD
Paul Bigot's Model of Ancient Rome

The Coliseum in Rome

"Consul Titus Manlius Torquatus Beheading His Son"
by Ferdinand Bol (1661)

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Roman Thought:

Livy, The History of Rome from its Foundation

• Preface
• Romulus and Remus
• The Rape of the Sabine Women
• Death of Lucretia
• The Death of Titus Manlius Torquatus' Son (Commentary)

Cicero, On the Laws
Lucretius, On the Nature of Things
Marcus Aurelius, Thoughts
Tacitus, Germania

1. What do the ancient founding myths of Rome (Romulus and Remus, The Rape of the Sabine Women, The Suicide of Lucretia, The Execution of Titus Manlius) teach us about Roman character and values?
2. How did Marcus Aurelius' personal philosophy combine elements of Stoicism, Epicureanism and Materialism?
3. How did Lucretius teach us to overcome our fear of death and to lead our lives?
4. How did Marcus Aurelius' personal philosophy combine elements of Stoicism, Epicureanism and Materialism?
5. What vision of the barbarian 'other' did Tacitus create?

Homework:

Paragraphs on Roman Thought

Virgil Aeneid: excerpts (19 BC)

Extra Credit: How does Virgil's revision of Homer teach us about the central values of Roman culture?

For extra reading:
Dido and Aeneas (Images)

4th Period: Music History: The Elements of Music: Instrumentation and Timbre

10/

26

Day 4

Wed.

The Pantheon in Rome

Paul Bigot's Model of Ancient Rome

The interior of the Pantheon in Rome

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Virgil Aeneid, excerpts

Extra Credit: How does Virgil's revision of Homer teach us about the central values of Roman culture?

Homework:

Study for Roman World Project

10/

27

Day 5

Thurs.

Arch of Titus 81 AD

Equestrian Statue
Marcus Aurelius 161-180 AD

Roman World Project; Assignment Table
Roman World Paragraph Test 

Homework:

European Map Exercise

Maps of Europe:

World Atlas Maps (Rivers, Capitols, Regions, etc.)

10/

28

Day 6

Fri.

 1/2 DAY CLASSES

Indo-European Groups
Arm Bracelet from recently
discovered Staffordshire Hoard

European Map Exercise

World Atlas Maps (Rivers, Capitols, Regions, etc.)

Homework:

Sophie's World, “The Middle Ages” pp. 165-187

Map of Anglo-Saxon England 800 AD	Illuminated Bible of St. Jerome 698 AD

10/

31

Day 0

Mon.

AIMS CONFERENCE DAY

11/

1

Day 7

Tues.

The Cross of Murdoch 923 AD

Sutton Hoo
ceremonial helmet

Sophie on the Middle Ages (Sophie's World, pp. 165-187)

The Staffordshire Hoard and Beowulf

Homework:

Reading Beowulf excerpts  (trans Seamus Heaney)

Multimedia:

Sound Files:
Opening of the Poem - lines 1-52 
Sea Journey - lines 194-22 
Grendel's Approach; the Fight with Beowulf - lines 688-789

Old English:
Prologue (Old English)
Grendel's Approach (Old English)

J.R.R. Tolkein on Beowulf, "The Monsters and the Critics" (1936)
Beowulf in Cyberspace (With Dual Translation and many graphics... very cool!)

11/

02

Day 8

Wed.

Viking Invasions (8th c. AD)

Viking Conquests Around the World (6^th -10^th c.)

Beowulf excerpts  (trans Seamus Heaney) (full text)
Beowulf Lecture Notes

Beowulf Online Resources:

• Sound Files: from Beowulf. (trans Seamus Heaney)
• Prologue (Old English)
• Grendel's Approach (Old English)
• What is Beowulf?
• Beowulf the Comic Book
• Wikipedia's Beowulf page
• Wikipedia's Sutton Hoo page

Homework:

Beowulf Creative Writing Assignment
Due Wednesday at 3:30 p.m.

Artifacts Essay Idea? Read Seamus Heaney on Beowulf and then J.R.R. Tolkein on Beowulf, "The Monsters and the Critics" (1936) Your research is nearly done.

4^th Period:

11/

03

Day 9

Thurs.

Christ on the Day of Judgment
Tympanum Sculpture at St. Foy

The Last Judgment
at Sainte-Foy

Presentation on Romanesque Architecture and Sculpture

St. Augustine on the Problem of Evil

Homework:

Read: Chaucer and the Medieval World View

For further reading:

Chaucer Maps
Medieval Social Hierarchy Page (Furr)
Important Events in the Fourteenth Century (Jane Zatta)

11/

04

Day 10

Fri.

Chaucer Ellesmere Manuscript
Woodcut


Notre Dame de Paris

Notre Dame Gargolyle

The Story of English 

The Renaissance:

Introduction to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales

Chaucer and the Medieval World View
Sophie on "The Middle Ages" (pp.165-187)
Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project

Homework:

Memorize the Proem (lines 1-18) from    
General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

11/

07

Day 1

Mon.

The Geocentric Universe


The Ptolemaic universe. From Andraeus Cellarius, Harmonia macrocosma (Amsterdam, 1660)

[The 1579 drawing of The Great Chain of Being from Didacus Valades, Rhetorica Christiana]

Read Beowulf Creative Assignments aloud.

The Renaissance:

Introduction to Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
Sophie on "The Middle Ages" (pp.165-187)
Chaucer and the Medieval World View

Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project

The Medieval World View: Ulysses' Speech on degree from Shakespeare's  Trolius and Cressida

St. Augustine on the Problem of Evil
St. Thomas Aquinas

Homework:

Read the General Prologue
Choose a character for your presentation!

Memorize the Proem (lines 1-18) from    
General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

Presentation on Medieval Music (Powerpoint)

11/

08

Day 2

Tues.

The Natural Hierarchy

The General Prologue
from the Ellesmere Manuscript

Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: Pilgrim Project

Homework:
Preparation for Presentations: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project

Memorize the Proem (lines 1-18) from    
General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

11/

09

Day 3

Wed.

The Geometry of the Rose Window
at Chartres (animation)

The Apostles at Chartres Cathedral

Gothic Architecture and Sculpture

Continue Work on Student Presentations: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: Pilgrim Project Assignment Table

Homework:

Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project

Memorize the Proem (lines 1-18) from    
General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

Extra Credit: COLOR ME Mandala Coloring Book; Creation of Buddhist Sand Mandala

11/

10

Day 4

Thurs.

The Knight

The Squire

Chaucer's General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales:
Student Presentations:

This essay is due on Thursday, November 18^th at 3:30 pm.

Thesis? Chaucer on The Problem of Evil
Group One: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project
Assignment Table
Rough Draft of Paragraph on Group One
Spragins Notes Pilgrim Projects

Homework: 

Read: Sophie's World, "The Renaissance", pp. 188-215

The extent of Christianity during the period of the Crusades.	Longbows at the Battle of Crecy (1356) in The 100 Years War

11/

11

Day 5

Fri.

The Prioresse

The Friar

Student Presentations: Group Two: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project; Assignment Table

Spragins Notes Pilgrim Projects

Homework:

Write rough drafts of paragraphs on Groups One and Two

11/

14

Day 8

Mon.

Student Presentations: Group Three: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project Assignment Table

This essay is due on Friday, November 18^th at 3:30 pm.

Spragins Notes Pilgrim Projects

Homework:

Write rough draft of paragraphs on Group Three

General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

4^th Period: Medieval Music (Powerpoint)

11/

15

Day 7

Tues.

The Parson


The Peasants' Revolt 1381 The Death of Wat Tyler

Student Presentations: Group Four: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales: The Pilgrim Project Assignment Table

This essay is due on Friday, November 18^th at 3:30 pm.

Spragins Notes Pilgrim Projects

Homework:

Write rough draft of paragraphs on Group Four:

General Prologue: Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (1397) (Towson University) (Off-line Text) (Another website)
(User Friendly Text Adobe PDF) 
(Dual Text: Middle English/Modern)
(Interlinear Translation:  Middle English/Modern) 
Proem read aloud: (lines 1-14; lines 15-29)
Proem Notes

4^th Period: Presentation on Medieval Music (Powerpoint) 

11/

16

Day 8

Wed.

The Miller


The Summoner

Student Presentation: Group Five: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales:
The Pilgrim Project Assignment Table

This essay is due on Friday, November 18^th at 3:30 pm.

Spragins Notes Pilgrim Projects

Homework:

Paragraph on Group Five

For further reading:  Renaissance Florence

11/

17

Day 9

Thurs.

Masaccio Trinity
1427-28 Fresco
Santa Maria Novella, Florence


Giotto di BONDONE The Mourning of Christ c. 1305  Fresco Cappella dell'Arena,Padua
Text about "The Mourning of Christ"
from E.H. Gombrich, "The Story of Art"

Presentation on Early Renaissance Art

Homework:

Final Draft of Chaucer Essay

Possible Artifacts Essay:

"The Miller’s Tale"; Interlinear Translation (offline)
(Class Notes)
Barrie Lecture Notes on "The Miller's Tale"
McDaniel Lecture Notes on "The Miller's Tale"
Harvard’s Chaucer Site: “The Miller’s Tale”
Patterson Lecture Notes (Harvard Chaucer) 

The Great Plague of 1348-50
Wat Tyler’s Peasant Revolt 1381

Music: Orff, Carmina Burana (1936)
(The Lasting Appeal of Orff's 'Carmina Burana' (NPR))
· The Middle Ages and the Renaissance (History of Music)

· The Renaissance from Music History 102 (IPL)

· Renaissance Music from The Capistrano Elementary School

11/

18

Day 10

Fri.

Pico della Mirandola 1463-1494.
By an unknown artist, in the Uffizi, Florence.

Chaucer Essay Due by 3:30 p.m.

High Renaissance Art and Architecture

Pico de Mirandolla, Oration on the Dignity of Man (1486)
Machiavelli, from The Prince (1513), Intro, chapters 14-19, 26 
Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier (1528), short extracts 

Homework:

Study for Art History Quiz

4^th Period:

The Drawings of Leonardo DaVinci

11/

21

Day 1

Mon.

Durer, Self-Portrait at 28 (1500)


From "The Gutenburg Bible." 1455. (Men at work at a printing press (1559) )

Art History Quiz

Homework:

The Reformation:

Map: The Religious Division of Europe
Martin Luther, Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation
The Ambassadors, Hans Holbein (1534)
Economic Renewal and Wars of Religion: 1560-1648

11

22

Day 2

Tues.

The Ambassadors Hans Holbein (1534)
(Explanation of iconography at Oneonta)

Martin Luther, Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation (1520) 
Catholic vs. Protestant Art (ppt.)
The Ambassadors, Hans Holbein (1534)
Economic Renewal and Wars of Religion: 1560-1648

Homework:

Backgrounds to Shakespeare (Study Guide)

11/

23

Day 0

Wed.

Thanksgiving Break

11/

28

Day 3

Mon.

Chandos Portrait of Shakespeare (1620's)

Shakespeare's Globe (Presentation) De Witt's sketch of The Swan 1596

Presentation on Renaissance Music

Why Study Shakespeare?

Backgrounds Quiz

Shakespeare's Globe (Presentation)

Homework:
Presentations on Backgrounds to Macbeth

Mountebank Stage, 15^th c.

11/

29

Day 4

Tues.

Elizabeth I (1533-1603)

Elizabeth I's Funeral Cortege

James I (1566-1625)

Scotland (Here is a neat interactive map of Macbeth's Scotland)

The Reformation in England

Backgrounds to Macbeth:

Group 1: Tell Macbeth's story as Shakespeare found it in Holinshed's Chronicles:
Group 2: How did James I try to reassert the power of the throne over Parliament?
Group 3: Describe the early 16th century's understanding of witchcraft and James I's particular fascination with this topic.
Group 4: Give the class a brief overview of the events which led to the attempted coup known to the English as The Gunpowder Plot.
Group 5: Review for the class the Ancient Greek understanding of tragedy.

Read Macbeth Act 1, scenes i

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes i-iii
A Shakespearean Glossary

Memory Passage: "Two truths/ are told as happy prologues"

Thunder1 Thunder2 Thunder3 Thunder4 Thunder5

Thunder6 Thunder7 Thunder8 Thunder9 Thunder10

Wind1 Wind2 Storm

The Gunpowder Plot Conspirators	Ducking a Witch in 16th c. England

11/

30

Day 5

Wed.

Image from Macbeth, Davies/Dyer,
Royal Shakespeare Company, August 1983

Laurence Olivier as Macbeth (1955)

Backgrounds to Macbeth:
Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes i-iii

Video:

Polanski: "When shall we three meet again?"
Nunn/McKellan Macbeth, "Two truths/ ..."

Paragraph:

The Witches? Just how powerful are they?

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes iv-vii
A Shakespearean Glossary

Memory Passage:
The raven himself is hoarse
If it twere done when tis done....

So foul and fair a day I have not seen...	Nunn/McKellan 1976

12/

01

Day 6

Thurs.

Henry V


Portrait of Machiavelli c. 1500



Vivian Leigh as Lady Macbeth (1955)

McKellan and Dench (1976)

Nunn/McKellan Macbeth, "Two truths/ ..."

Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act I, scenes iv-vii

Macbeth and Machiavelli:

What kind of king is Duncan? How effective has he been? Why?

- Duncan: "Is execution done on Cawdor?" (I iv)
- Macbeth's Loyalty: "The service and the loyalty I owe,/ In doing it, pays itself." (I iv)
- Duncan: "My plenteous joys,/ Wanton in fulness, seek to hide themselves/ In drops of sorrow." (I iv)
- Duncan: Primogeniture: "The Prince of Cumberland" (I iv)
- Macbeth: "Stars hide thy fires!" (I iv)

Notes on Machiavelli: Virtue vs. Vertu
The Medieval Mystery Play: Satan vs. Macbeth 
Machiavelli, from The Prince Intro, chapters 14-19, 26 

Shakespeare on Machiavelli: Macbeth, Lady Macbeth (and the Baby):

- Lady Macbeth: "The raven himself is hoarse..." (I v)
- Macbeth: "If it were done when 'tis done" (I vii)
- Lady Macbeth: "I have given suck" (I vii)

Paragraph: How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"?What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?

Video: Nunn/McKellan Macbeth, "The raven himself is hoarse..."
"If it twere done when tis done...."

Interpretations of Lady Macbeth (The Prophecy):
Sarah Siddons: The Monster vs. Ellen Terry: The Loving Wife

Sarah Siddons as Lady Macbeth (1785)	"Ellen Terry as Lady Mcbeth" John Singer Sargent (1889)

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act II, scenes i-iv
A Shakespearean Glossary

Memory Passage Choices: Macbeth: "Is this a dagger I see before me"
For further reading:  A. C. Bradley from Shakespearean Tragedy (1904)
Bradley on Macbeth; Sigmund Freud on Macbeth

12/

02

Day 7

Fri.

Henry Irving as Macbeth (1890)

Annis (1969)

Blake, "Pity" (1795)

The Emergence of the Soul:

• "Two truths are told ..." (I iv)
• "If it were done when 'tis done" (I vii)
• Lady Macbeth: "I have given suck" (I vii)
• "Is this a dagger I see before me" (II i) 

Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act II, scenes i-iv:

Crossing the Threshold:

• Macbeth: "Is this a dagger I see before me" (II i) 
• Lady Macbeth: "Had he not resembled/ My father as he slept,
  I had done't." (II ii)
• Macbeth: "Methought I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more!'" (II ii)
• Macbeth: "What hands are here? ha! they pluck out mine eyes." (II ii)
• Porter: "Knock, Knock, Knock... Who's there?" (II iii)
• Lady Macbeth's Faint "Help me hence, ho!" (II iii)

Video:

• Is this a dagger...
• The Porter's Speech

Paragraph: How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"? What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?

Paragraph: Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony

Paragraph: What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil? (How is it derived from Chaucer?)

4^th Period:

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act III, scenes i-iii
A Shakespearean Glossary

12/

05

Day 8

Mon.

McKellan 1976


 Peter O'Toole and Frances Tomelty 1980

The Emergence of the Soul:

• Macbeth: "Two truths are told ..." (I iv)
• Macbeth: "If it were done when 'tis done" (I vii)
• Lady Macbeth: "The raven himself is hoarse..." (I v)
• Lady Macbeth: "I have given suck" (I vii)

Crossing the Threshold:

• Macbeth: "Is this a dagger I see before me" (II i) 
• Lady Macbeth: "Had he not resembled/ My father as he slept, I had done't." (II ii)
• Macbeth: "Methought I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more!'" (II ii)
• Macbeth: "What hands are here? ha! they pluck out mine eyes." (II ii)
• Porter: "Knock, Knock, Knock... Who's there?" (II iii)
• Lady Macbeth's Faint "Help me hence, ho!" (II iii)

Holding the Throne:

• Banquo: Thou hast it now (III i)
• Macbeth: To be thus is nothing (III i)
• Lady Macbeth: Nought's had, all's spent (III ii)
• Macbeth: "We have scotch'd the snake not kill'd it."

Paragraphs:

• Explain the Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony
• What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil? (How is it derived from Chaucer?)
• Why is the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrating?

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act III, scenes iv-vi
A Shakespearean Glossary

12

06

Day 9

Tues.

"Let it come down"
(Murderer #2 in Macbeth, III iii)

Confronting Banquo's Ghost

Crossing the Threshold:

• Macbeth: "Is this a dagger I see before me" (II i) 
• Lady Macbeth: "Had he not resembled/ My father as he slept, I had done't." (II ii)
• Macbeth: "Methought I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more!'" (II ii)
• Macbeth: "What hands are here? ha! they pluck out mine eyes." (II ii)
• Porter: "Knock, Knock, Knock... Who's there?" (II iii)
• Lady Macbeth's Faint "Help me hence, ho!" (II iii)

Holding the Throne:

• Banquo: "Thou hast it now" (III i)
• Macbeth: "To be thus is nothing" (III i)
• Lady Macbeth: "Nought's had, all's spent" (III ii)
• Macbeth: "We have scotch'd the snake not kill'd it."
• The Murder of Banquo: "Let it come down." (III iii)

The Climax of the Action: The Banquet Scene (III iv)

• The Murder's Report: "There's blood on thy face." (III iv)
• The Ghost's First Entrance: "Prithee, see there! behold! look! lo!”
• The Ghost's Second Entrance: "Avaunt! and quit my sight! let the earth hide thee!" (III iv)
• Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Alone: "It will have blood; they say, blood will have blood:" (III iv)

Paragraphs:

• How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"? What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?
• What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil? (How is it derived from Chaucer?)
• Why is the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrating?
• Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony
• What is the terrible irony of Macbeth's superhuman achievement in banishing the ghost of Banquo?

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act IV, scenes i-iii

12/

07

Day 10

Wed.

McKellan (1976)

Gielgud 1962

Macbeth, Act IV, scenes i iii

The Climax of the Action: The Banquet Scene (III iv)

• The Murder's Report: "There's blood on thy face." (III iv)
• The Ghost's First Entrance: "Prithee, see there! behold! look! lo!”
• The Ghost's Second Entrance: "Avaunt! and quit my sight! let the earth hide thee!" (III iv)
• Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Alone: "It will have blood; they say, blood will have blood:" (III iv)

The Second Visit to the Witches:

• The Cauldron: "Finger of birth-strangled babe/ Ditch-deliver'd by a drab" (IV i)
• Macbeth's Entrance: "How now, you secret, black, and midnight hags!" (IV i)
• 1st Vision: The Armed Head: "Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! beware Macduff" (IV i)
• 2nd Vision: The Bloody Child: "none of woman born/ Shall harm Macbeth." (IV i)
• 3rd Vision: A Child crowned, with a tree in his hand: "Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill" (IV i)
• 4th Vision: The Masque: "Show his eyes, and grieve his heart"

Paragraph:
What has Macbeth turned into by the end of his second encounter with the Weird Sisters?


Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act V scene i-viii

12/

08

Day 1

Thurs.

The Murder of Lady Macduff and her Children

"He has killed me, mother..."
(MacDuff's Son in Macbeth IV ii)

Lady Macbeth Sleepwalking

The Murder of Lady Macduff and her Children:

• Macduff fled: "from this moment/ The very firstlings of my heart shall be/ The firstlings of my hand" (IV i)
• Lady MacDuff: "What are these faces?" (IV ii)

Macbeth, Act V scene i-viii

• The Sleepwalking Scene: Lady Macbeth: "Out, damned spot! out, I say!"(V i)
• MacDuff and Malcolm in England: "O Scotland, Scotland!" (V iii)
• MacDuff's Response to News of his Family's Murder: "I must also feel it as a man" (V iii)

Paragraphs:

• How is Shakespeare rebutting Machiavelli's thesis in "The Prince"? What will be the consequence of Lady Macbeth's actions?
• Explain The Magic in Macbeth: Shakespeare's Crowning Irony
• What is Shakespeare's understanding of the nature of evil?
  (How is it derived from Chaucer?)
• Why has the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth disintegrated?
• What is the terrible irony of Macbeth's superhuman achievement in
  banishing the ghost of Banquo?
• What has Macbeth turned into by the end of his second encounter
  with the Weird Sisters?
• On what does the stability of a country depend once Macbeth has been deposed?

Video: Throne of Blood (1957) dir. Akira Kurosawa (Go to 98:20
for Sleepwalking Scene and then watch to the end of film.) (10 min.)
(Time Magazine appreciation)

Homework:

Read Shakespeare, Macbeth, Act V scene i-viii

12

09

Day 2

Fri.

Macbeth, Act V scene i-vii

• Birnam Wood Moves: Malcolm: "Let every soldier hew him down a bough/ And bear't before him..." (V iv)
• Macbeth's Final Soliloquy: "Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow..." (V v)
• Macbeth Cornered: "They have tied me to a stake; I cannot fly,/ But, bear-like, I must fight the course..." (V vii)
• The Final Fight: MacDuff: "Turn, hell-hound, turn!"

Homework:

• Notes on Machiavelli: Virtue vs. Vertu
• Machiavelli, from The Prince Intro, chapters 14-19, 26 
• Isaiah Berlin on Machiavelli (NY Review) (notes)

12/

12

Day 3

Mon.

Mid-Year Exam

The Seventeenth Century:

It was during the 1600s that Galileo and Newton founded modern science;
that Descartes began modern philosophy; that Hugo Grotius initiated
international law; and that Thomas Hobbes and John Locke started modern
political theory. In the same century strong centralized European states entered
into worldwide international competition for wealth and power, accelerating
the pace of colonization in America and Asia.

The Dutch, French, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and others, all struggled to
maintain and extend colonies and trading-posts in distant corners of the globe,
with profound and permanent consequences for the whole world. They also
fought one another in Europe, where warfare grew increasingly complex and
expensive. To gain an edge against other powers in war, European governments
invested in research in military technology, and the seventeenth century was
consequently an age of military revolution, enabling Europeans from then on to
defeat most non-European peoples relatively easily in battle. (Somerville)

Map of Europe, 1600

Sovereign: The Emergence of the Modern State

The South Sea Bubble (movie)

Homework:

• Revolution in Scientific Thought: Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton
• Revolution in Political Thought: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke
• Study Guide Questions

12/

13

Day 4

Tues.

Approaching Jupiter via Voyager

Kepler's Laws of Motion

Hooker's Flea

"[Newton] believed that by the powers of his introspective imagination he would read the riddle of the Godhead, the riddle of past and future events divinely fore-ordained, the riddle of the elements and their constitution from an original undifferentiated first matter, the riddle of health and of immortality."  (Keynes, Newton the Man (1946))

Revolution in Scientific Thought:

• Copernicus,
• Kepler,
• Galileo,
• Newton

Study Guide Questions

Aristotle Movie
Copernicus Movie
Kepler Movie

Homework:

Revolution in Political Thought: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke
Study Guide Questions

For further reading:

• Outline of 30 Years War: Economic Renewal and Wars of Religion; 
  
• Class Notes: Wars of Religion (html version)
• Absolutism and the divine right of kings,
• Contractarians, republicans & skeptics. (Somerville)
• Notes on Evil in the Modern World (Nieman)

12/

14

Day 5

Wed.

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)

John Locke (1632-1704)

Seventeenth Century English Political Thought: Absolutism vs. Parliamentarianism (Rogers)

Revolution in Scientific Thought: Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton
Revolution in Political Thought: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke

Theories of Modernization: Achieving Sovereignty
Philosophical Implications of the New Cosmology:
Deism, Newton, Leibniz, Pope and Optimistic Determinism
Locke's Epistemology: Tabula Rasa

Study Guide Questions

Homework:

The Enlightenment, pp.12-24 Study Guide Questions

12/

15

Day 6

Thurs.

Rene Descartes
(1596-1650)

from Diderot,  Encyclopedia (1756-80)

Baroque and Mannerist Art

Revolution in Scientific Thought: Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton
Revolution in Political Thought: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke

The Enlightenment

Aristotle Movie
Copernicus Movie
Kepler Movie

Homework: Prepare for a Quiz on Study Guide Questions

For further reading:

Sophie's World (pp.226-341)

• The Seventeenth Century

• the Baroque
• Descartes
• Spinoza
• Locke
• Hume
• Berkeley

12/

16

Day 7

Fri.

1/2 Day Winter Break

Japanese Tsunami Video Tsunami Videos
Man Engulfed in Wave

Asia's Deadly Waves NY Times

The Great Fire of London (1666)

RIGAUD, Portrait of Louis XIV 
(1701) 1638-1715

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)
The Enlightenment, pp.12-24 (Study Guide Questions) (Answers) (Quiz)

Enlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the guidance of another. Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one's intelligence without being guided by another. Sapere Aude! [Dare to know!] Have the courage to use your own intelligence! is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment. From Kant, "What is Enlightenment?" (full text) (1784)

All ideas come from sensation or reflection. Let us then suppose the mind to be, as we say, white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas:- How comes it to be furnished? Whence comes it by that vast store which the busy and boundless fancy of man has painted on it with an almost endless variety? Whence has it all the materials of reason and knowledge?  To this I answer, in one word, from EXPERIENCE. John Locke,  An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)

Philosophical Implications of the New Cosmology:

• Locke's Epistemology: Tabula Rasa
• Newton and Deism
• The Optimistic Determinism of Leibniz, and Pope;
  

Brief Historical Chronology

Homework:

Rev. Charles Davy: "The Earthquake at Lisbon" (1755)
Responses to the The Lisbon Earthquake (1755) (Notes)

Everyone should read the introduction. Then prepare a report with a partner on one of the following responses to the disaster:

• Malagrida
• Wesley
• Voltaire on Newton
• Pope
• Voltaire on Lisbon
• Rousseau (More on Rousseau)
• Hume (More on Hume)
• d'Holbach

1/

3

Day 8

Tues.

Damage to the Cathedral,
Lisbon Earthquake, 1755

Hokusai: The Great Wave Off Kanagawa

Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

Locke's Epistemology: Tabula Rasa
Optimistic Determinism, Natural Evil and The Argument According to Design:
Responses to the The Lisbon Earthquake (1755) (Notes) (Questions)

• Malagrida
• Wesley
• Voltaire on Newton
• Pope
• Voltaire on Lisbon
• Rousseau (More on Rousseau)
• Hume (More on Hume)
• d'Holbach

Homework:

Read Swift, A Modest Proposal (1729) Notes (Quiz) Swift's Biography; Define Satire. (OED)

For further reading: (mandatory for all Irish!):

from Desmond's Concise History of Ireland

· The Plantation System in 18th c. Ireland

· Ireland in the 18th c

· Map of Ireland 1600

· Map of Ireland 1700

Notes on Susan Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

• Alfonso's Accusation
• Bayle's Manichaeism (1698)
• Leibniz's Theodicy
• Pope's Essay on Man (1732)
• Rousseau's Second Discourse (1754)
• Rousseau's Emile (1762)
• Kant's Idealism
• Hume's Skepticism
• Hegel: Real and Rational

1/

4

Day 9

Wed.

Irish Beggarwoman and Child
(Illustrated London News, 1843)

"Two Forces" from "British Racism:
Before, During, and After the Famine"


William Hogarth, Gin Lane (1751)
More Hogarth: The Rake's Progress

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

Swift's Biography, (Gulliver's Travels, 1726) 

Define Satire. 

L. satira, satura satirical poetry, poetic medley, fr. (lanx) satura full plate, plate filled with various fruits. A poem or prose piece in which prevailing vices are held up to ridicule. (OED)

Swift, A Modest Proposal (1729) Notes (Quiz)

Study Questions:

1. At the outset of this essay what does the reader expect to be the author's point?
2. What is the real target of Swift’s attack in this savage satire? (The Reality: The Plantation System in 18th c. Ireland; Map of Ireland 1700)
3. What Enlightenment values are also under attack?
4. How is the real character of this landlord revealed beneath the highly rational surface of the prose? (Diction, Emphasis)
5. Does Swift ever overtly show his hand or deliberately drop his pose? (His true proposal)
6. Compare Swift's view of poverty with William Hogarth's depiction of the ravages of drug abuse (Gin Lane) in London.

Homework:

Swift Satire Writing Project (Due Friday by 3:30 pm)

for Further Study:

Swift's A Modest Proposal (In Our Time)

4th Period: Baroque Music

01/

05

Day 10

Thurs.

Voltaire at Age 23

Houdon, Voltaire, 1781

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

Swift Satire Writing Project (Due by 3:30 p.m.)
Readings of Modest Proposals

The Enlightenment of the 18th Century

• Enlightenment Review (Notes)
• Introduction to Voltaire

Read Voltaire, Candide (1758):  Chapters 1-3

Chapter 1: Candide's Expulsion from Westphalia (The Fall of Man)

Homework:

Voltaire, Candide (1758): 

Chapter 1: Candide's Expulsion from Westphalia (The Fall of Man)
Chapter 2: The Recruiting Officers 
Chapter 3: The Seven Years War

For further study:

Notes on Susan Nieman's Evil in the Modern World (2002)

• Alfonso's Accusation
• Bayle's Manichaeism (1698)
• Leibniz's Theodicy
• Pope's Essay on Man (1732)
• Rousseau's Second Discourse (1754)
• Rousseau's Emile (1762)
• Kant's Idealism
• Hume's Skepticism
• Hegel: Real and Rational

01/

06

Day 1

Fri.

The Baron ... seeing this cause and this effect, 1787 edition

... chased Candide away with great kicks in the rear, 1787 edition


Candide fled as quickly as possible to another village, 1787 edition

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

Voltaire, Candide (1758):  Chapters 1-3 (Quiz1)

"A man who thinks all the world exists for his benefit is no better than the pampered goose who believes that the farmer who fattens him exists for his." (Alexander Pope)

"Evil" defined: Evil cannot be defined as merely the consequence of crime or unfortunate events. Evil shakes our faith in the order of the universe:

• metaphysical evil suggests a defect in the relation between the physical structure of matter and time: entropy
• natural evil results from earthquakes, tsunamis, and the like
• moral evil results from deliberate human wrong-doing or from the reward of vice and the punishment of virtue.

Defending Optimistic Determinism: "Everything is for the best in this the best of all possible worlds." (Prof. Pangloss) Evil must be part of a plan which will lead us to ultimate harmony.

Voltaire, Candide (1758):  Chapters 1-3

Chapter 1: Candide's Expulsion from Westphalia (The Fall of Man)
Chapter 2: The Recruiting Officers
Chapter 3: The Seven Years War

Does Voltaire believe that education and experience can condition us to avoid evil?
What is Voltaire’s vision of the heroic adventure of warfare?
What do Anabaptists like Jacques believe? Why does he save Candide?

Clip from Barry Lyndon (1975) dir. Stanley Kubrick

Homework:

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 4-7  (Study Guide)

For further study:

God's Advocates: Leibniz and Pope vs. Bayle’s Manichaeism

Bayle's Manichaeism (1698)
Leibniz's Theodicy (1719)
Pope's Essay on Man (1732)

01/

09

Day 2

Mon.

Lisbon Harbor During the Earthquake of 1755

Goya, Those Specks of Dust. 1796-1797

The Grand Inquisitor

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

Chapter 2: The Recruiting Officers
Chapter 3: The Seven Years War (notes)

Does Voltaire believe that education and experience can condition us to avoid evil?
What is Voltaire’s vision of the heroic adventure of warfare?
What do Anabaptists like Jacques believe? Why does he save Candide?

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 4-7 (Quiz)

Chapter 4: Pangloss with the Pox and Jacques the Anabaptist
Chapter 5: The Death of Jacques and The Lisbon Earthquake

- What is Voltaire’s implied point in Pangloss’ absurd justification of the horror of syphilis? (Is there a physical connection between immorality and the causes of STD's?)
- What is Jacques' opinion of Pangloss' philosophy?
- How does Jacques the Anabaptist die? What is Voltaire’s point?
- Does Voltaire believe that there is a moral reason for the terrible destruction of the Lisbon Earthquake?
- Why does Voltaire include the perverse frenzy of the looters who take advantage of the destruction?
- How does Pangloss try to comfort the survivors of the catastrophe?
- How does Pangloss get in trouble with the Spanish Inquisition?

Chapter 6: The Inquisition’s Auto-da fe
Chapter 7: Reunion with Cunegonde

- How did the Inquisition respond to the Lisbon Earthquake?
- What happened immediately after the auto-da-fe? (What is Voltaire's take on the link between moral evil and natural evil?)
- Has Candide learned anything yet? How is Candide saved (once again)?
- How did Cunegonde survive? What do you make of Voltaire’s choice to make Candide and Cunegonde indestructible?

Homework:

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 8-12 (Quiz) (Study Guide)

An Auto-da-fe in Lisbon

01/

10

Day 3

Tues.

Candide Murders the Inquisitor

The Old Woman Among the Moors


Delacroix, Death of Sardanopalus (1827)

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 8-12 (Quiz)

The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

Chapter 8: Cunegonde's Story: Shared by the Inquisitor and the Jew
Chapter 9: Candide Commits Murder (Twice!)
Chapter 10: Bound for the New World

- Has Cunegonde learned anything thus far from her adventures?
- What compromise regarding the possession of Cunegonde was reached between the Inquisitor and Don Isaachar? (Can reason enable natural enemies to overcome their differences?)
- What moral judgment should we attach to Candide's killing of Don Isaachar? (Is it murder?) How about the killing of the Inquisitor which follows almost immediately thereafter? (Is that murder?) 
- What conclusion should we draw from Voltaire’s obvious anti-Semitism? (To what extent does this irrational belief discredit him?)
- Who saves Candide and Cunegonde? (Why?)
- What is Candide's response when Cunegonde tells him that all of her jewelry has been stolen? (Has he learned anything?)
- Why does Candide believe that the New World will be different from the Old? (Has he learned anything by this point? How about Cunegonde?)

Chapter 11: The Old Woman's Adventures: The Wheel of Fortune
Chapter 12: The Old Woman's Adventures: The Plague, Slavery, Cannibalism, Suicide

- What should we make of Voltaire's racism?
- To what indignities was the young princess subjected? Who saves her? (Why?) What misfortune befalls her in Algiers?
- How did she lose her buttock in Russia? 
- Despite all her terrible ordeals, the Old Woman never commits suicide. What is the most important lesson she has learned?

4^th Period:

Homework:

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 13-18 (Study Guide)

4th Period: Music of the Classical Era (Web Format)

Mozart, Serenade for strings in G major, K. 525 (Eine Kleine Nachtmusik) (1787) 1. Allegro 2. Romanza 3. Menuetto  4. Rondo

• Sonata Form: Four Movements (Fast; Slow; Dance; Fast)
• Movement Form: (Exposition; Development; Recapitulation; Coda)
• Hayden, Drum Roll Symphony #103 London (1795)  1st Movement (Sonata Form) (10:05)

Mozart, Symphony #40 in G Minor, K. 550 (1788)
1. Allegro,  Sonata  2. Andante: Theme and Variations;  
3. Minuet and Trio;  4. Presto (Sonata) (Score)

01/

11

Day 4

Wed.

Review Day

Candide Shoots the Apes

El Dorado, "The Gilded One"

Musica Raft




Candide and Cacambo loading the Flying Sheep 1787 edition

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

Potential Artifacts Topic: The Mission and the Guarani Wars of 1750’s (“The Guarani”; “The Sword of the Word” (LOC)) The Jesuit Missions of Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil (ppt)

Voltaire, Candide, Chapters 13-18 (Quiz)

Chapter 13:     The New World: Buenos Aires
Chapter 14: The Jesuit Utopia
Chapter 15: Candide Kills his Brother-In-Law
Chapter 16: The Biglugs: Man in the State of Nature

- Why does Cunegonde decide to dump Candide for Governor Don Fernando d'Ibaraa y Figueora y Mascarenes y Lampourdos y Souza?  Do you agree with the old woman’s advice? What about the ideal of love?
- Who is Cacambo? (Keep track of how many times he saves Candide's life.)
- Describe Voltaire's impression of the New World paradise  created by the Jesuits in South America. How different is it from the Old World? (See Jesuit Missions in South America)
- Who does the commandant of the Jesuit mission turn out to be? Why does Candide kill him?
- What does Candide find out right after saving the girls in the jungle by shooting the monkey men that had been chasing them? (Do we make this kind of judgment about foreign cultures often? See Pinker on the teddy bear named 'Muhammad'.)
- What did the Biglugs plan to do to Candide after they capture him? How does Cacambo save Candide once again?
- What is the most basic law of nature? (Would Voltaire call this law evil?) What version of the social contract would Voltaire embrace? (Compare to Hobbes and Locke)

Chapter 17: Eldorado
Chapter 18: The Government of Eldorado

- What was the legend of El Dorado? (See Time) ("The Gilded Man")
- After showing the reality of society in the New World, Voltaire presents his vision of Utopia.
- How do Candide and Cacambo find El Dorado? How was this community founded? What economy? What religion? What government?  What is the one rule you must follow if you want to live in El Dorado?
- Why does Candide insist on leaving El Dorado? What do you make of this choice? How does he and Cacambo get over the mountains?

Homework:

Voltaire, Candide, chapters 19-21; chapters 27-30 (Study Guide)

01/

12

Day 5

Thurs.

This is the price for the sugar you eat in Europe"],
1787 edition


Candide Reunited with Cunegonde

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

Voltaire, Candide, chapters 19-21; chapters 27-30 (Quiz) (Study Guide)

Chapter 19: Surinam
Chapter 20: Martin the Manichean
Chapter 21: More of Martin’s Philosophy

-- How did the slave lose his hand and leg? Describe the conditions on sugar plantation in the French West Indies. These plantations were the most profitable in all the French Empire. (How do you think they financed their wars?)
-- When Candide hears the black man's story, what does he finally conclude? (Is this a bad moment for him?)
-- What is Candide’s plan to recover Cunegonde?
-- How does Candide get ripped off by Mynheer Vanderdendur?
-- How does Candide meet Martin the Manichean? (What is a Socinian? What is a Manichaean?) What is the topic of their conversations enroute to France? What is Martin's argument for the existence of Satan?
-- Does what happens during the sea battle to confirm Martin’s philosophy? What is Voltaire’s point?

-- What is the purpose served by the design of the universe, according to Martin? Would Voltaire agree with Martin? What is Martin’s conception of man in the state of nature?
-- How has Candide emended Pangloss’ philosophy? What keeps Candide from embracing Martin's dark philosophy? What has he learned?

01/

13

Day 6

Fri.

Reading Day

Candide in his Garden


Houdon, Voltaire, 1781

Mid-Year Exam  (Exam Locations)

The Problem Of Evil (Review) (Answers)

Chapter 27: Constantinople Bound: the Galleys of the Turks
Chapter 28: The Adventures of Pangloss and the Baron
Chapter 29: Reunion with Cunegonde and the Old Woman
Chapter 30: The Conclusion

-- How did all our heroes wind up in this part of the world? (I thought the Professor and the Baron were both dead!)  How did the Baron wind up enslaved and tortured in the Pasha’s galley? How did Pangloss survive hanging? How did Pangloss wind up in hot water again? (How does Pangloss hint that he has modified his belief in optimistic determinism?)
-- What sad event prevents Candide from achieving perfect happiness? How will this occurrence complete his education?
-- Where do Candide and his friends decide to make their home? (Recognize this place?) Why does the family decide to get rid of the Baron? (How do they do it?) What is life like on Candide’s little farm? Is that so bad?
-- What wisdom does the dervish share with the family about the origin of evil? What is their neighbor's philosophy of life? How does the existence of ice cream fit into Voltaire’s philosophy?
-- Has Candide learned anything from his experience?

01/	16	Day 6	Thurs.	MLK DAY
01/	17	Day 7	Tues.	EXAMS
01/	18	Day 8	Wed.	EXAMS
01/	19	Day 9	Thurs.	EXAMS
1/	20	Day 10	Fri.	EXAMS
1/	23	Day 1	Mon.	EXAMS
1/	24	Day 2	Tues.	SECOND SEMESTER BEGINS